8.4 DNA

Question 1

Codon

Answer 1

3 nucleotide bases

Question 2

Anticodon

Answer 2

Oppisite of whatever codons.

Ex. AUG –> TAC

Question 3

Translation

Answer 3

The process that creates mRNA

Question 4

Start codon

Answer 4

AUG

Question 5

Stop codon

Answer 5

The message to stop the translation process.

Question 6

Positive Transcription Factor

Answer 6

A protein that binds to DNA and promotes the transcription gene.

Question 7

Negative Transcription Factor

Answer 7

A protein that binds to DNA that prevents the

Question 8

Affinity

Answer 8

The measurement of one biomolcule to another.

Question 9

Mutation

Answer 9

A change in a base sequence.

Question 10

mRNA

Answer 10

Contains messages and codes for amino acids.

Question 11

tRNA

Answer 11

Transfers amino acids and contains anticodons that will pair with regular codons.

Question 12

rRNA

Answer 12

Facititates matching codons on RNA & anticodons on DNA, also places amino acids on polypeptide chain.

Question 13

Point mutation

Answer 13

Affects a single type of pair (ATG)

Question 14

Silent Mutation

Answer 14

When a single letter is changed, and causes no overall change to the group.

Question 15

Nonsense mutation

Answer 15

When the last group in the order is changed into a ‘STOP’ group. (Ends the translation)

Question 16

Missense mutation

Answer 16

When a base is removed.

Question 17

Frameshift Mutation

Answer 17

When a part is removed/”deleted.”