8.3 transcription of dna Flashcards
Transcription
The duplication of existing DNA strands to create another with the same information.
Central Dogma
The process of a gene to a protein.
What are the base paring rules for RNA?
Adenine with Uracil, Guanine with Cystoine
What are the differences in DNA & RNA?
DNA:
- has a t group
- deoxyribose sugar
- 2 stands
- intertwine together to create a double helix (antiparallel)
RNA:
- has a u group
- ribose sugar
- 1 stand
- folds over itself
What are the simularites of RNA & DNA?
- Made of nucleotides
- contain a phosphate group
- same prime groups (5’ & 3’)
- same A, C, & G
In order, what are the types of an eukaryotic gene?
(from left to write in the diagram shown in class)
- Enhancer
- Promoter
- Exons
- Introns
Write the description/function of the parts of a eukaryotic gene:
Enhancer- backup binder spot behind the promoter and activates or turns of the transcription process.
Promoter- TATA/ATAT box that is the start binding point in transcription.
Exons- sequences in the mRNA what are present in the final finished DNA strand duplicate.
Introns- removed before the final strand of DNA.
What are the stages of transcription?
- Inititation
- Elongation
- Termination
What happens during the stage of intitation?
The transcription process is started and RNA polymerase is prepared to start copying the DNA strand after bing bined to the transcription factors.
What happens during the stage of Elongation?
The RNA polymerase breaks free of the transcription factor and adds a 5’ cap.
What happens during the stage of Termination?
Termination is realised and the RNA is cut from the DNA strand- a polyA trail is added to protect the RNA strand.
Explain what happens during alternative splicing-
A strand of mRNA is split by the exons in 2 or more places to create more protein strands with different functions.
