8.3 FLIGHT PROCEDURES Flashcards
When given clearance in Metres, is it ok so set MCP with reference to metre read out?
8.3.9.1.1
Yes, can set initially based on metre read out, but level change cannot be executed until correct level referenced to FEET is verified.
What to set in MCP if METRE to FEET conversion is 3940’?
Ops 8.3.9.1
Round up or down to nearest 100’.
So this example, set 3900’.
Max wind speed at airport in including gusts, except emergency (take off and landing)
55kt
8.3.12
Thunderstorms
(Take off and landing)
8.3.12.1
Take off approach and landing SHALL not be attempted with moderate or heavy TS over or near the airport.
(UNLESS, app and landing can be made to runway clear of TS and associated front)
Flight crew should allow how much clearance from a THUNDERSTORM?
20nm
FO limits (8.3.4.4.1)
-TO and Landing crosswind 15Kts
(BTC’s max x/w, TC and STC max 25kt)
- landing following major mech failure or shutdown
- field length limited
- landing with weather less than 300’ and 1500m vis
- Alternate airport not familiar to both
- night visual at cat B
Lightning strike ops?
Subject to work load, check compass on various headings, and note in AML
(8.3.12.2)
Also inform ENG (inspection on arrival, perhaps 2 hours)
ASR? And AML?
HKIA ATLAS (Airport Thunderstorm and lightning alerting system)
Amber
Red
Amber:
lightning forecast to strike within 5km of airport.
Or intense radar echoes and lightning in range of 5-15 km
Red:
Cloud to ground lightning detected or forecast within 1Km
Min length of time for red or Amber lightning warning?
8.3.12.2
4 min (cannot be cancelled by ATC)
Amber lightning warning operations
Ramp activities as per normal.
Headset comm with engineer by wireless headset only
Red lightning warning considerations
8.3.12.4
Parking bay: siren and red light
Ramp activities:
-No walk around
-HAS bus can drop you at S21 passenger terminal
- all Maintenance ramp activities cease
(Fuelling, etc)
- policy to NOT use hand signals as comma with ground Eng
- occur during pushback, Eng will
Complete pushback, but cannot remove pin, and will seek shelter until over.
PASSENGER APRON
- allowed to taxi into frontal bays
- bridge connected when:
Park brake set
Engines off
Beacon off
- one crew member SHALL remain on FD to watch brakes, until ground comm established with ENG and chocks in.
I
Red lightning warning with inop APU? 8.3.12.4
Taxi in.
-Shut down Port engine, leave starboard engine running.
-Inform APRON CONTROL 121.775 that port engine shut down, brakes set, ready for disembarkation.
- this allows bridge to be connected
Red lightning warning on cargo bays or remote bays?
Marshalling at remote and cargo bays cease.
ATC will hold you.
What indicates sever Windshear?
8.3.12.5
below 1000’
-Airspeed changes greater than 15 knots
- VS changes greater than 500fpm
- 1 dot GS
- 5 degrees pitch
(CTWO BRIEF SHALL INCLUDE WINDSHEAR COUNTER MEADURES WHEN APPLICABLE)
JFK Windshear experience
Positive 15 knots at 1500’ and pitch went to -10 degrees.
Re-engaged autopilot and went around.
Then got -20 knots shear.
If this happened at 200’, scary.
Don’t be afraid to go around in positive shear environment, knowing negative shear coming.
If sever Windshear reported (not forecast), delay the takeoff until condition improve.
Microburst
Approach SHALL be discontinued, or
Departure delayed when microburst alerts or advisories in effect
Success of Windshear recovery depends on 3 things
Reaction time
Performance
Altitude
If aircrew encounter windershear, ensure you do a Pirep.
Include
Altitude
Loss or gain Of airspeed or altitude
Type of aircraft
Location.
Turbulence
8.3.12.7
Flight crew should avoid forecast or reported SEVERE turbulence.
ATC SHALL be advised as soon as practical of severe turb encounters and deviations from assigned ALT
BE SURE TO USE TURB PENETRATION SPEED (270 knot below F250…280 knot or M0.82 which ever lower at F250 or above)
Dealing with Passengers and ISM with turbulence.
Good communication key
SHALL BRIEF ISM prior, with expected level and duration.
Seatbelt signs SHALL be selected on
ISM safety PA
iSM shall inform captain that cabin checked and secure
(Of going to make a PA, use the handset, so not to wake up Over head crew rest)
Classification of turbulence
Description of severe:
Severe:
Large abrupt changes in altitude or attitude
Large airspeed changes
Momentarily out of control
Turbulence forecast for different phases:
Take off : Communication key
Inform cabin crew
Ensure seated until released.
Descent:
Turb penetration speed and maintain clean until reducing for approach
Diversion option if severe turb persists
Cont ignition on if an option
PA in case of Moderate or Severe turbulence when deemed necessary:
Hello everyone, observe the seatbelt signs are on, cabin crew, stop your service and take your seats.
When finished:
“Resume normal duties”
Wake turbulence
What category are we?
What distance given on approach from super/heavy?
8.3.12.8
Our aircraft are upper heavy: group B
(Older term HEAVY)
Heavy aircraft should say heavy with callsign on initial contact with ATS unit
Heavy following super is 4nm on approach
Heavy following heavy is 3 nm on app
8.3.12.18.7
Ops guidance for landing:
Using minimum reverse thrust can effect the braking energy by how much?
Double
8.3.13 COMMUNICATIONS
Headsets shall be used during high workload but all times below which altitude?
15,000 or transition level
(Whichever higher)
CTWO +
Recommended that briefing be completed no later than ___min before TOD.
10 min
(I use about 160nm on prog page)
Are communications with OPS allowed during climb and descent?
2 crew ops, should be avoided unless operationally necessary by PIC
(131.75, Sat IOC)
Other crew should maintain listen on VHF1
Company communication is most secure through which?
VHF? ACARS? SATCOM
Satcom
ACARS free text sent from FD are auto sent to IOC and departure and destination station.
Sending ACARS with single word OPS should be used for urgent operational or ENG issues.
If notifying ENG of defect inflight, what Info should you send them?
Use the Fault Code listed in CMS (central Maintenance System)
NEVER SEEN ANYBODY DO THIS
(Best is to call Maintenance control on SATCOM)
Early notification to ENG of events requiring post flight checks help engineering a lot. Examples of such events?
Lightning strike
Severe Turb
Bird strike
Hard landing
HK airport Station Control (24 hours) is responsible for what?
Meet and Assist ( MAAS)
Wheelchairs
Service recovery,
Aero bridge
Remote bay and stairs
Doctor/medical
Police
Flight dispatch responsible for?
Production and submission of flight plan
Notam
Weather
EDTO PLANNING
OPERATIONS MANUALS
When should you update company of ETA via ACARS?
8.3
P106
Flights with CFP flight time greater than 7 hours should send ACARS Approx 2 hours before STA if ETA differs by more than 15 mins.
(Ensures ground handling available)
How long before ETA should company send expected parking bay?
ETA - 60 min
(Or no bay yet)
How to inform IOC if PIC has determined a diversion is needed?
ACARS
SATCOM
VHF
With:
Intended point of landing
And other relevant info
(As soon as practical)
Engineering delay messages are issued by IOC when a delay of how long is expected?
4 hours or more
Who is responsible for ensuring FTLS
Pilots
However, IOC calculates, and can offer confirmation based on pilot calculation.
Is it mandatory to listen to 121.5
Yes.
Except!!:
When conducting comms in other VHF
Or
Airborne equipment limitations
Flight deck duties do not permit monitoring two freq.
If missed cleared flight level, how should you ask ATC?
Confirm assigned level
(Not: confirm FL310)
Lost comm procedures?
ICAO AND COUNTRY SPECIFIC:
1) JEPPS FD PRO/general/regional airway manual/ Emergency section.
2)
Correct freq?
Volume?
Another headset/mic?
Range?
Secondary VHF/HF
Aircraft relay
Should ATC clearance be accepted with one flight crew listening?
Whenever possible, ATC clearances should be REQUESTED when at least 2 flight crew listening.
Use “Standby”, if other pilot on another radio.
Which ATC clearances/instructions SHALL be read back and cross checked by other pilot?
Airways and route clearance
App clearance
FL, radar HDG, speed
Runway in use
Anything to do with runway
Alt setting and Transition level
SSR codes and instructions (ident)
Freq change
Taxi instruction
8.3.13.10 miscommunication between pilot and ATC
“Leaving” FL/Alt only used when?
-statement of action (not intent)
- positive movement of altimeter
- NOT REQUIRED WHEN UNDER RADAR CONTACT
The term “reaching” used when?
Within 200’ of assigned level
- not required under radar
Climbing/ Descending to ALTITUDE, response must always end with what?
FEET/Metres
“Descend Altitude four thousand FEET”
Descent clearance to Altitude through transition level should include QNH. What if not?
Pilot SHALL request QNH from ATC if omitted from descent clearance.
8.3.12.14.5
Volcanic Ash Avoidance should be considered when?
Colour and ALT
- Orange or Red VA advisory
- any cloud above FL180 should not be over flown
Space storms affect polar regions above which LAT?
And what level of space storm will IOC cancel polar flights?
- North of 78 degrees N
- level 4 or above
8.3.12.17 HOT weather
Some tips and tricks to keep cabin cool
Passenger doors kept closed as long as possible
Same for cargo doors
Use Packs
Turn off RECIRC Fans in extreme hot and humid
Taxing in extreme hot.
Excessive braking should be avoided
Taxi to 25-28 knots (FDAP at 34)
Then slow to 10 knots, then release.
8.3.12.18 contaminated Runways
Lowest level of braking action allowed?
-RWYCC of 1 or lower
(Poor or Less than poor)
- Unless emergency condition dictates an immediate landing is required for equivalent values.
When should a pilot give a PIREP on braking action?
When conditions experienced are less than good.
8.3.12.18.7
Guidance for landing
Is the use of high auto brake setting recommended in strong or limiting crosswind?
No.
Not recommended due to strong brake applications required to disconnect, in a time where directional control may be vital.
Max REV thrust is standard.
How much extra brake energy required with Min Rev thrust?
Double
When shall headsets be worn?
At all times Below 15000’ or TL where higher.
When shall descent briefing be given?
RECOMMENDED that the briefing be completed no later than 10 minutes before TOD
Which is the more secure form of Comm?
VHF ACARS or SATCOM
Satcom
(Note, all free text messages on ACARS are auto routed to IOC )
IOC or ACARS “OPS” can patch in what type of people?
OPS as single word should be used for urgent Operational or ENG issues.
DOM, Duty Doctor, MEDLINK, security,
ENG,
ENG as single word ACARS can be used for advice for what scenarios?
Countless.
Ex: in flight restart of shut down engine.
NOTE:
Notification of defects using ACARS should be sent with fault codes found in CMC/CMS.
8.3.13.6.1
Comms operational
Early notification to ENG of certain events assist them to prep?
What scenarios?
Bird strike, lightning, severe turbulence etc…)
When should we send updated arrival time to destination station?
CFP flight time of 7 hours +
If ETA differs by 15 minutes or more from SCHED.
(Send message 2 hours before STA)
When should we expect parking bay allocation?
60 min prior to ETA
Enroute diversion? Who to inform?
I like to say:
ATC
IOC (ACARS, SAT or vhf)
ISM
Pax
Who is responsible for FTL’s?
Pilot.
However!
IOC can do it too, so can call to get there advise, double check, or work out entire crew limits if stuck in a time of lots of work.
Comm failure procedures found where?
FD PRo publications
General
Regional airway manual
Emergency
Other things to check:
Correct frequency
Volume
Try another mic or headset
Range
Secondary frequency
Published frequencies
Another aircraft relay
8.3.13.10 miscommunication between ATC
When is the term Leaving used with ATC?
Statement of action, not intent.
Positive movement on altimeter.
NOT REQUIRED UNDER RADAR CONTROL
When should Reaching be used with ATC ?
Within 200 feet of assigned level
HF comms, position reports the time should be given with how many digits?
Frequency 8951 should be stated as what?
Four digits for time
SFO, cx 880 on 89
How to send an air to air ACARS?
If 123.45 doesn’t work, can use:
TO CPA880
TO B-KPA
8.3.13.14
Not all countries recognise Pan Pan call. What would be the best next call?
“I am declaring an emergency”
What should you say to ATC when going around?
Tower, cathay 880, GOING AROUND
What words should you use with ATC if a TCAS RA climb or descent required?
SFO, CX880, TCAS RA
What is the meaning if ATC ask you, “ATC request of 8.33 capability” ?
Does your aircraft have ability to use 6 digit VHF? Basically all Europe.
Answer:
“Affirm, 8.33”
8.3.13.18
Datalink capabilities, what is more suitable for oceanic?
VHF good to about 240 NM
Line of sight
(2-8 second response time)
Doesn’t really work in Japan
HF and SATCOM (iridium or inmersat) more suitable for long range oceanic.
Polar datalink uses what routing?
HF Datalink
(As satcom becomes unavailable)
Should SELCAL check be performed, even with CPDLC?
Yes
8.3.13.21
8.3.13.23
What does CPDLC stand for?
AFN
Controller Pilot Data Link Communication.
(Surveillance and comm capabilities, beyond range of VHF and radar)
ADS is the surveillance component.
ATS Facility Notification