8.1 - the scientific revolution Flashcards
who did the thinkers of the middle ages rely on as an authority?
Aristotle
What allowed humanists to access works of archimedes and plato?
their specific knowledge of greek and latin languages
ptolemy and geocentric theory
great astronomer; the geocentric theory he created was that the earth was at the center of the solar system and all the other planets and sun surrounded it
Copernicus and heliocentric theory
mathematician/astronomer; he discovered the heliocentric theory, saying that the sun is the center and all planets revolve around the sun/moon revolves around the earth
Kepler
mathematician/astronomer; Kepler’s first law, saying that the orbits are elliptical
Galileo
mathematician/astronomer; made the telescope; he discovered mountains on the moon, 4 moons around jupiter, and sunspots, and proved planets revolve around the sun; his ideas put him in conflict with the church.
Newton
The Universal Law of Gravitation, saying that every object in the universe is attracted to each other by a force called gravity
Galen
physician; he dominated medicine; Galen relied on animal dissection rather that human, which made his discoveries wrong
Vesalius
physician; described the organs and the body structure/anatomy
harvey
physician; he described the heart is in charge of blood circulation and blood flows throughout our entire bodies
pascal
scientist; understood liquids under pressure and therefore made the syringe and hydraulic press
boyle
scientist; Boyle’s law, saying that gas volume changes when pressure is being put on it
lavoisier
scientist; invented a system for naming chemicals, the periodic table; known as the father of modern chemistry
Cavendish;
scientist; wrote many works on scientific matters, published a book under her own name even though women kept their names anonymous
winkelmann
astronomer; discovered the comet; applied for assistant astronomer when her husband died
