80/20 Typical Development (Birth to Six) Flashcards
What is the typical prone progression in infants?
- Prone lying (0-2 months) →
- Prone on elbows/forearms (3-4 months) →
- Prone on extended arms (5 months) →
- Pivot prone (5-6 months) →
- Quadruped (7-8 months) →
- Crawling (7-9 months) →
- Creeping (9-11 months)
What are the key milestones in sitting development?
- Supported sitting (4 months) →
- Propped sitting (5 months) →
- Ring sitting (6 months) →
- Independent sitting with weight-shifting (6-7 months)
What are the milestones for standing and walking?
- Supported standing (6 months) →
- Pull-to-stand (7-9 months) →
- Cruising (9-10 months) →
- Independent bipedal locomotion (10-15 months)
What are the key components of Maturational Theory in motor development?
Maturational Theory (Gesell, Bobath) suggests that development follows a predictable, sequential path that is universal among children.
What does Dynamic Systems Theory suggest about development?
Dynamic Systems Theory (Bernstein, Thelen) posits that development is influenced by multiple factors, including genetics, environment, and individual motivation.
What are the principles of developmental direction in motor development?
- Cephalic (head) to caudal (feet) control,
- Proximal (core) to distal (limbs) control,
- Gross motor before fine motor control
What is the significance of creeping in development?
Creeping (9-11 months) aids in reflex integration, trunk control, and is linked to visual-motor skills like spatial awareness, midline crossing, and future handwriting and reading abilities.
What are key reflexes seen in early infant development?
Reflexes like the ATNR (asymmetric tonic neck reflex) and neonatal neck-righting reaction facilitate early movements like rolling and head control.
What are the milestones for visual development in infants?
Eye contact begins at 1 month, tracking of objects begins around 3 months, and visually directed reaching starts between 3-5 months.
What is the role of social development in infants from birth to 1 year?
Social development involves bonding with caregivers, responding to facial expressions, and developing early communication through smiles, coos, and other social interactions.
