8. Viral Diseases of Rabbits Flashcards
Adenovirus c/s
Enteritis in 6-8 week olds
Profuse diarrhea with low mortality
Rabbit parvovirus c/s
Asymptomatic
Etiology of Shope Papillomavirus
Cottontail Rabbit Papillomavirus
CRPV is in what family?
Papovaviridae
Transmission of CRPV
Insects, particularly rabbit ticks (Haemaphysalis leporis) and mosquitoes
Natural host of CRPV
Sylvilagus spp
CRPV c/s
Large, keratinized warts over neck, shoulder, abdomen
Why shouldn’t you worry about transmission of CRPV in a lab animal colony?
Oryctolagus do not shed as many virions as natural Sylvilagus host
Do CRPVs papillomas occur in the mouth in rabbits?
no
CRPVs Papillomas that do not regress turn into what?
SCC
25% of rabbits with SCC die due to what?
Metastasis
Which papillomavirus has Oryctolagus as natural host?
Rabbit Oral Papillomavirus
Where do rabbit oral papillomas occur?
Ventral tongue of 2-18 month old rabbits
Disease timeline of oral papillomas
Usually regress within a few weeks
Myxomavirus is what kind of virus?
Leporipoxvirus
Where is myxomatosis endemic?
Southwestern US
Natural reservoir of myxomatosis
Brush rabbit (Sylvilagus)
Myxoma virus transmission
Arthropod vector
Myxomavirus c/s in Oryctolagus
Severe disease with high mortality
2 different strains of Myxomavirus
California strain - death within 1 week
South American strain - mean survival time of 11 days
C/S of myxomavirus
Edema, mucopurulent discharge. South American strain causes hard, convex lumps over the body, head, ears
Efficacy of Myxomavirus vaccine
Reduces mortality and c/s, not entirely protective
Shope Fibroma Virus causes high mortality in which rabbits?
Neonates
Why aren’t Oryctolagus a good source of infection for mosquitoes?
Low virus concentration in the skin
C/S of shope fibroma virus
Firm, flattened tumors on legs, feet periorbital, perineal regions. Spontaneous regression occurs
Shope fibrama vs Shope papilloma
Fibroma - flat, SQ, loose, rubbery.
Papilloma - heavily keratinized, irregular, projecting masses of skin
Rabbit poxvirus C.S
Profuse nasal discharge -> macular papules over skin, spleen, resp tract, liver
Death in 7-10 days.
Which poxvirus doesn’t have inclusion bodies?
Rabbit pox virus
Leporid Herpesvirus 1 secondary name
Herpes sylvilagus
Herpes sylvilagus C/S
No infection or dz in domesticated rabbits
Herpes sylvilagus is a member of what family?
Gammaherpesvirus
Leporid Herpesvirus 2 is a member of what family?
Gammaherpesvirus
Leporid Herpesvirus 4 is a member of what family?
Alphaherpesvirus
LHP-2 c/s
Asymptomatic
LHP-4 c/s
High morbidity and mortality
Periocular swelling, purulent ocular d/c, hemorrhagic dermatitis, ataxia, torticollis, CNS signs
Rabbits are a model for what herpesvirus?
HHV-1
HHV-1 C/S in rabbits
CNS signs
4 distinct species of Rabbit Calicivirus
Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus
European brown hare syndrome virus
Rabbit calicivirus
Michigan rabbit calicivirus
Calicivirus c/s
Very high morbidity, 100% mortality
Major cause of death from calicivirus
DIC with deep vein thrombosis
What may be the only lesion found with calicivirus?
Pale liver with periportal necrosis
Calicivirus should be reported to whom?
State vet and USDA
Rabbit Enteric Coronavirus clinical course
Death within 24 hours of c/s
Cardiomyopathy and pleural effusion also possible
Rotavirus is within which family?
Reovirus
When does rotavirus usually occur?
When maternal Abs wear off during weaning
C/S of rotavirus
In neonates: Severe dz and death
>2weeks: few to no c/s
Diarrhea
