8: Survivors

Question 1

Define Cancer Survivor

Answer 1

Individuals in active treatment and recovery as well as those with advanced disease commonly receiving palliative care

Question 2

What disease states are the majority of the survivor population (disease free survivors)?

Answer 2

Breast, Prostate, and colon Cancer — usually found through early detection methods

Question 3

Nutrition Interventions for - Fatigue (All sites)

Answer 3

Develop individual eating plan and encourage caretakers to get involved
use foods that are easy to prepare/eat
medical nutrition beverages as needed
monitor wt/nutrition status
promote physical activity

Question 4

Nutrition Interventions for - Wt change/change in body composition (All sites)

Answer 4

monitor wt
ensure nutrient intake is balanced to maintain or achieve a healthy weight
promote physical activity and include weight bearing exercise and resistant training

Question 5

Nutrition Interventions for - Breast/Prostate/Uterine Corpus - Impaired Bone health

Answer 5

ensure adequate intake of Ca and Vit D
promote weight-bearing exercises

Question 6

Nutrition Interventions for - Breast & Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma - Weight gain/metabolic syndrome

Answer 6

adjust energy/CHO/Fat/Fiber intake to promote healthy weight and achieve healthy levels of glucose/insulin/lipids
physical activity for survivors

Question 7

Nutrition Interventions for - Breast - Cardiovascular complications

Answer 7

plant based diet
promote weight control

Question 8

Nutrition Interventions for - Prostate/Colon&Rectum - Enteritis/chronic diarrhea

Answer 8

increase fluids and balance electrolytes
decrease fat intake, alter fiber, and limit dairy as needed

Question 9

Nutrition Interventions for - Lung/Bronchus - esophageal pain/dysphagia

Answer 9

alter food and beverage consistency/medical nutrition beverages
alter food temp, avoid alcohol/spicy foods/other irritant foods like acidic
monitor wt/nutrition status

Question 10

Nutrition Interventions for - Lung/Bronchus - respiratory failure

Answer 10

monitor/correct fluid balance
decrease CHO intake, if indicated

Question 11

Nutrition Interventions for - Colon/Rectum - malabsorption

Answer 11

increase intake and modify sources of nutrients that are malabsorbed
monitor nutrition status/wt

Question 12

Nutrition Interventions for - Colon/Rectum - liver function/cirrhosis

Answer 12

Increase intake of nutrients that are malabsorbed
monitor liver enzymes
if cirrhotic, follow evidence-based MNT for liver cirrhosis

Question 13

Nutrition Interventions for - Colon/Rectum - wt change

Answer 13

monitor wt
ensure balanced nutrient intake for maintaining/achieving a healthy wt
balanced energy intake with physical activity

Question 14

Nutrition Interventions for - Colon/Rectum & Urinary Bladder - irregular bowel movement

Answer 14

alter fiber intake as needed
consume adequate fluids/monitor fluid intake
use probiotics or prebiotics

Question 15

Nutrition Interventions for - colon/rectum - bowel strictures or obstructions

Answer 15

depending on location of the stricture or obstruction and presence of bowel sounds, provide enteral or parenteral nutrition support as appropriate

Question 16

Nutrition Interventions for - Thyroid & Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma - hypothyroidism

Answer 16

adjust energy intake to maintain healthy weight
promote physical activity for survivors

Question 17

Nutrition Interventions for - Kidney - Decreased creatinine clearance or Renal Failure

Answer 17

monitor renal labs and adjust nutrient intake as needed following MNT for renal disease

Question 18

Nutrition Interventions for - Kidney - Hypertension

Answer 18

monitor Na intake and adjust if needed
promote wt control and physical activity
promote adequate intake of K+ and Ca

Question 19

Nutrition Interventions for - Oral cavity and pharynx - Xerostromia

Answer 19

ensure nutrient requirements are met via oral intake, if possible
promote consumption of “wet” foods
promote good oral care
alter food/beverages consistency as needed
medical nutrition beverages if needed
consider nutrition support if needed

Question 20

Nutrition Interventions for - oral cavity and pharynx - Dysphagia

Answer 20

alter food/beverage consistency as needed
medical nutrition beverages if needed
monitor nutrition status/wt
consult SLP