8 - Project Quality Mangement

Question 1

These diagrams, such as the project network diagram, show the flow of the project work.

Answer 1

Activity Network Diagram

Question 2

This diagram breaks down ideas, solutions, causes, and project components and groups them together with other similar ideas and components.

Answer 2

Affinity Diagram

Question 3

Comparing any two similar entities to measure their performance.

Answer 3

Benchmarking

Question 4

A decomposition technique that helps trace an undesirable effect back to its root cause. The diagrams can help organize both the process and team opinions, as well as generate discussion on finding a solution to ensure quality.

Answer 4

Cause-and-Effect Diagrams

Question 5

A simple approach to ensure that work is completed according to the quality policy.

Answer 5

Checklist

Question 6

A graphic display of process data over time and against established control limits, which has a centerline that assists in detecting a trend of plotted values toward either control limit.

Answer 6

Control Chart

Question 7

The process of monitoring and recording results of executing the quality management activities to assess performance and ensure the project outputs are complete, correct, and meet customer expectations.

Answer 7

Control Quality

Question 8

All costs incurred over the life of the product by investment in preventing nonconformance to requirements, appraisal of the product or service for conformance to requirements, and failure to meet requirements.

Answer 8

Cost of Quality

Question 9

A financial analysis tool used to determine the benefits provided by a project against its costs.

Answer 9

Cost-Benefit Analysis

Question 10

An approach that relies on statistical scenarios to determine what variables within a project will result in the best outcome.

Answer 10

Design of Experiments

Question 11

Assurance provided to the external customers of the project.

Answer 11

External QA

Question 12

A diagram illustrating how components within a system are related. These show the relation between components, as well as help the project team determine where quality issues may be present and, once done, plan accordingly.

Answer 12

Flowchart

Question 13

Assurance provided to management and the project team.

Answer 13

Internal QA

Question 14

The abbreviation for the International Organization for Standardization. This is Greek for “equal,” while “International Organization for Standardization” in a different language would be abbreviated differently. The organization elected to use this abbreviation for all languages.

Answer 14

ISO

Question 15

A quality management and control tool used to perform data analysis within the organizational structure created in the diagram. Seeks to show the strength of relationships between factors, causes, and objectives that exist between the rows and columns that form the diagram.

Answer 15

Matrix Diagram

Question 16

A histogram that illustrates and ranks categories of failure within a project.

Answer 16

Pareto Diagram

Question 17

According to ASQ, the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements.

Answer 17

Quality

Question 18

A management process that defines the quality system or quality policy that a project must adhere to. This aims to plan quality into the project rather than to inspect quality into a deliverable.

Answer 18

Quality Assurance

Question 19

A component of the project or program management plan that describes how applicable policies, procedures, and guidelines will be implemented to achieve the quality objectives.

Answer 19

Quality Management Plan

Question 20

A description of a project or product attribute and how to measure it.

Answer 20

Quality Metrics

Question 21

The process of first determining which quality standards are relevant to your project and then finding out the best methods of adhering to those quality standards.

Answer 21

Quality Planning

Question 22

A component of a control chart that illustrates the results of seven measurements on one side of the mean, which is considered “out of control” in the project.

Answer 22

Rule of Seven

Question 23

A quality control tool that shows the results of an inspection in the order in which they’ve occurred. The goal of this is first to demonstrate the results of a process over time and then to use trend analysis to predict when certain trends may reemerge.

Answer 23

Run Chart

Question 24

A quality control tool that tracks the relationship between two variables over time. The two variables are considered related, the closer they track against a diagonal line.

Answer 24

Scatter Diagram

Question 25

These seven tools are used in quality planning and in quality control: cause-and-effect diagrams, flowcharts, check sheets, Pareto diagrams, histograms, control charts, and scatter diagrams.

Answer 25

Seven Basic Quality Tools

Question 26

A process of choosing a percentage of results at random. For example, a project creating a medical device may have 20 percent of all units randomly selected to check for quality.

Answer 26

Statistical Sampling

Question 27

Charts that illustrate the flow of a process through a system, such as a project change request through the change control system, or work authorization through a quality control process.

Answer 27

System or Process Flowcharts

Question 28

These show the hierarchies and decomposition of a solution, an organization, or a project team. The WBS and an org chart are examples of this.

Answer 28

Tree Diagram

Question 29

An analytical technique that uses mathematical models to forecast future outcomes based on historical results.

Answer 29

Trend Analysis

Question 30

The performance data collected from controlling processes analyzed in comparison with project management plan components, project documents, and other information.

Answer 30

Work Performance Information