8 - Project Quality Mangement Flashcards
These diagrams, such as the project network diagram, show the flow of the project work.
Activity Network Diagram
This diagram breaks down ideas, solutions, causes, and project components and groups them together with other similar ideas and components.
Affinity Diagram
Comparing any two similar entities to measure their performance.
Benchmarking
A decomposition technique that helps trace an undesirable effect back to its root cause. The diagrams can help organize both the process and team opinions, as well as generate discussion on finding a solution to ensure quality.
Cause-and-Effect Diagrams
A simple approach to ensure that work is completed according to the quality policy.
Checklist
A graphic display of process data over time and against established control limits, which has a centerline that assists in detecting a trend of plotted values toward either control limit.
Control Chart
The process of monitoring and recording results of executing the quality management activities to assess performance and ensure the project outputs are complete, correct, and meet customer expectations.
Control Quality
All costs incurred over the life of the product by investment in preventing nonconformance to requirements, appraisal of the product or service for conformance to requirements, and failure to meet requirements.
Cost of Quality
A financial analysis tool used to determine the benefits provided by a project against its costs.
Cost-Benefit Analysis
An approach that relies on statistical scenarios to determine what variables within a project will result in the best outcome.
Design of Experiments
Assurance provided to the external customers of the project.
External QA
A diagram illustrating how components within a system are related. These show the relation between components, as well as help the project team determine where quality issues may be present and, once done, plan accordingly.
Flowchart
Assurance provided to management and the project team.
Internal QA
The abbreviation for the International Organization for Standardization. This is Greek for “equal,” while “International Organization for Standardization” in a different language would be abbreviated differently. The organization elected to use this abbreviation for all languages.
ISO
A quality management and control tool used to perform data analysis within the organizational structure created in the diagram. Seeks to show the strength of relationships between factors, causes, and objectives that exist between the rows and columns that form the diagram.
Matrix Diagram
A histogram that illustrates and ranks categories of failure within a project.
Pareto Diagram
According to ASQ, the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills requirements.
Quality
A management process that defines the quality system or quality policy that a project must adhere to. This aims to plan quality into the project rather than to inspect quality into a deliverable.
Quality Assurance
A component of the project or program management plan that describes how applicable policies, procedures, and guidelines will be implemented to achieve the quality objectives.
Quality Management Plan
A description of a project or product attribute and how to measure it.
Quality Metrics
The process of first determining which quality standards are relevant to your project and then finding out the best methods of adhering to those quality standards.
Quality Planning
A component of a control chart that illustrates the results of seven measurements on one side of the mean, which is considered “out of control” in the project.
Rule of Seven
A quality control tool that shows the results of an inspection in the order in which they’ve occurred. The goal of this is first to demonstrate the results of a process over time and then to use trend analysis to predict when certain trends may reemerge.
Run Chart
A quality control tool that tracks the relationship between two variables over time. The two variables are considered related, the closer they track against a diagonal line.
Scatter Diagram
These seven tools are used in quality planning and in quality control: cause-and-effect diagrams, flowcharts, check sheets, Pareto diagrams, histograms, control charts, and scatter diagrams.
Seven Basic Quality Tools
A process of choosing a percentage of results at random. For example, a project creating a medical device may have 20 percent of all units randomly selected to check for quality.
Statistical Sampling
Charts that illustrate the flow of a process through a system, such as a project change request through the change control system, or work authorization through a quality control process.
System or Process Flowcharts
These show the hierarchies and decomposition of a solution, an organization, or a project team. The WBS and an org chart are examples of this.
Tree Diagram
An analytical technique that uses mathematical models to forecast future outcomes based on historical results.
Trend Analysis
The performance data collected from controlling processes analyzed in comparison with project management plan components, project documents, and other information.
Work Performance Information
