8. Cognitive, Behavioral, and Psychosocial development in Adolescents

Question 1

Fourth and final stage of cognitive development

Answer 1

Formal operations

Question 2

Difference with the concrete operational stage (middle later childhood) in terms of thinking and solving problems

Answer 2

Abstract reasoning can be used now to solve problems (no need for drawing or physical objects to reason)

Question 3

According to Piaget, what is set in place for the adult cognitive development during adolescence

Answer 3

Cognitive schemas and structures

Question 4

According to Erikson, what is the central task of adolescence?

Answer 4

Establishing a sense of identity

Question 5

Name the 2 key environment for adolescent

Answer 5

School and home/family

Question 6

Who plays a significant role in establishing their positive self-esteem?

Answer 6

Teachers

Question 7

Name the important elements of social life

Answer 7

Community
Sport
Spirituality/faith/church
Work

Question 8

What is the 3rd leading cause of death?

Answer 8

Suicide in age 15-19

Question 9

Who are at more risk for depression, suicide, substance abuse, and disordered eating?

Answer 9

Early maturing girls and late maturing boys

Question 10

Mental illness risk factors

Answer 10

Desire for autonomy
Pressure to conform
Media influence
Gender norms
Exploitation of sexual identity
Quality of home life
Relationship with peers
Violence
SES

Question 11

Factors associated with resilience and positive outcomes

Answer 11

• Stable/positive relationship with at least one caring adult
• Religious/spiritual anchor
• High, realistic academic expectations and adequate support
• Positive family environment
• Emotional intelligence and ability to cope with stress

Question 12

Name things that can help adolescents

Answer 12

Positive reinforcement
Support system
Safe person
Good role model
Promoting healthy habits