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EXCI 458 - PEDS > 13. Obesity > Flashcards

13. Obesity Flashcards

1
Q

How is obesity measured?

A

Age and BMI

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2
Q

In what percentile is a child considered overweight?

A

85th to 96th

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3
Q

In what percentile is a child considered obese?

A

97th+

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4
Q

Compare 1981 boy to 2007-2009 boy

A

Increased height
Increased weight (14 lbs)
Increased BMI
Increased hip and waist circumference
Decreased grip strength
Decreased sit-and-reach

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5
Q

Compare 1981 girl vs 2007-2009 girl

A

Same as boy
Everything increased
Decreased strength and flexibility

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6
Q

___% children and adolescents classified as having overweight or obesity worldwide

A

31.5%

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7
Q

Causes of childhood obesity according to International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) 2004

A
  • ↑ use of motorized transport
  • decreased opportunities for recreational PA
  • ↑ sedentary recreation
  • 24h/7 TV
  • ↑ quantity and variety of energy-dense foods available
  • ↑ promotion and marketing of energy-dense foods
  • ↑ frequency/opportunities to purchase food
  • ↑ use of restaurants and fast foods
  • larger portions, better ‘‘value’’
  • ↑ number of eating occasions
  • water being replaced
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8
Q

Developmental stages where physiological alterations ↑ risk of obesity (3)

A

1) Prenatal
2) Adiposity rebound (5.5 yo or earlier)
3) Adolescence

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8
Q

Causes of childhood obesity - weak evidence for which 4 things

A
  • Calcium insufficiency
  • Increased maternal age
  • Breastfeeding
  • Endocrine disruptors
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9
Q

Consequence of mothers with OW/OB

A

Birth larger babies
Fetal BW track into adulthood

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10
Q

Consequence of excessive gestational weight gain

A

↑ maternal postpartum weight retention

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11
Q

2 consequences of maternal and fetal health compromised

A

Mom ↑ risk for gestational diabetes, T2D, CVD
Baby ↑ risk for obesity & CVD as kids

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12
Q

Likelihood of having a large baby: obese, overweight vs smoking

A

Obese and overweight are more likely to have large babies
Smoking is more likely to have a small baby

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13
Q

What are the 3 cases associated with greater risk of childhood obesity intergenerational cycle of obesity throughout the lifespan?

A
  • Higher pre-pregnancy weight
  • Excessive gestational weight gain
  • Babies born LGA
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14
Q

Obesity causes in the family

A

Genetic, social factors **
Parental obesity
Family meals
Family PA patterns
Family lifestyle

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15
Q

Obesity causes at school

A

PE
Food environments
School lunch programs
Weight based teasing

16
Q

What happens during adolescence that could increase the risk of obesity?

A
  • Change in diet and behavior
  • Puberty
  • Change in quantity and distribution of fat
  • Decrease in PA/decrease fitness
  • Change in circadian rhythm
17
Q

Children as young as ___ are victim of weight based teasing

A

3 to 5 yo

18
Q

Most frequent source of weight bias described by adults?

A

Employment discrimitation

19
Q

Excess SSB (sugar sweetened beverage) associate with 3 consequences:

A
  • Increase energy intake
  • High in fructose corn syrup ( ↑ lipogenesis, inhibit satiety signals)
  • ↑ risk of weight gain
20
Q

Important points of food marketing

A

Children view 15-20 ads per hour (3 out of 4 are for unhealthy food)

21
Q

WHO recommendation

A

'’Setting where children gather should be free from all forms of marketing foods high in saturated fats, trans-fatty acids, free sugars or salt.’’

22
Q

United Nations recommendation

A

Recommended action on marketing and advertising to children

23
Q

What is good about the province of quebec in term of marketing for children?

A

Quebec Consumer Protection Act = prohibits all commercial advertising to children specifically during peak viewing times

24
Q

Consequence of obesity on quality of life

A

Often experience depression
Low self-esteem

25
Q

Quality of life of obese children is similar to who

A

Kids undergoing chemotherapy

26
Q

Is there a ‘‘safe’’ time to carry excess weight? why?

A

NON
the effects of obesity on our system begins in childhood, not adulthood
consequences appear later in life

27
Q

Recommended wording: how to name it?

A

Ask or Person-first
ex: Person living with obesity instead of obese child

EXCI 458 - PEDS (17 decks)

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