8. Adaptations

Question 1

Stimulus

Answer 1

An external or internal factor that can cause a temporary pattern change in behaviour of an organism

Question 2

Response

Answer 2

Reaction to a stimuli

Question 3

Reflex action

Answer 3

An immediate, unconscious response to a stimulus and provide a human with protection against a stimulus.
It is absorbed by the sensory neuron and goes straight to the spinal chord and out through the motor neuron

Question 4

Reflex arc

Answer 4

Sensory receptor, sensory neurone, relay neurone, motor neurone, motor receptor

Question 5

Synapse

Answer 5

The junction between two neurons where neurotransmitters are transmitted to send signals

Question 6

Types of sensory receptors

Answer 6

1. mechanoreceptors–> forces and movement
2. chemoreceptors—> chemical substance
3. photoreceptors–> light
4. thermoreceptors–>heat

Question 7

2 examples of where photoreceptors can be found

Answer 7

1. Eyes (Rods and Cones)
2. Skin- in organisms that don’t have eyes

Question 8

Phototropism

Answer 8

The growth of a plant in response to light

Question 9

2 examples of a sensory adaption in desert

Answer 9

Nocturnal Vision in animals which hunt at night (bats)
Thermoreception- Ability to see heat radiation (snakes)

Question 10

Give an example of a sensory adaption in forest

Answer 10

Camouflage

Question 11

Hypothalamus

Answer 11

• Maintains homeostasis
• Regulates temperature, heart rate, blood pressure
• Governs emotional behaviors
• Secretes hormones that act on pituitary gland

Question 12

What is thigmotropism? Provide one example.

Answer 12

A plant’s response to touch

Ex. Coiling of a plant around the object it touches