4. What issues do larger organisms face?

Question 1

Factors affecting rate of diffusion

Answer 1

Faster rate:
1. Increasing surface area
2. Decreasing the thickness of the diffusion surface
3. Maintaining a concentration gradient

Question 2

Large sized body advantage in cold climates

Answer 2

Larger animals are better at retaining heat because it takes longer for heat to travel from their core to their extremities.

An animal with a small surface area to volume ratio is well adapted to cold environments as it will loose heat slowly

Question 3

Osmosis

Answer 3

Osmosis is a type of passive transport that moves water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration

Question 3

Endosmosis and exosmosis

Answer 3

Endosmosis is when water molecules enter a cell, and exosmosis is when they exit

Question 4

Hypertonic

Answer 4

The solution has a higher solute concentration than the cell, causing water to move out of the cell, leading to shrinkage

Question 5

Hypotonic

Answer 5

The solution has a lower solute concentration than the cell, causing water to move into the cell, leading to swelling or even bursting

Question 6

Isotonic

Answer 6

The solution has the same solute concentration as the cell, so there is no net water movement, keeping the cell stable