8:3,4,5 Flashcards
Extent to which a test measures what it is intended to measure
Validity
All purpose ability to do well on cognitive tasks, to solve problems, and to learn from experience
Intelligence
Extent to which a test yields a consistent, reproducible measure of performance
Reliability
Development of uniform procedures for administering and scoring a test, and the creation of norms for the test
Standardization
Performance standards
Norms
Individuals mental age divided by chronological age multiples by 100
IQ
Came up with 9 multiple intelligences
Howard Gardner
Triarchic theory of intelligence
Robert sternberg
Form of communication that is based on a system of symbols
Language
Ability to produce an endless number of meaningful sentences
Infinite generativity
Languages sound system
Phonology
Language is made up of basic sounds
Phoneme
Languages rules for word formation
Morphology
Smallest unit of language that carries meaning
Morpheme
Languages rule for combining words to form acceptable phrases and sentences
Syntax
Meaning of words and sentences in a particular language
Semantics
Useful character of language and ability of language to communicate even more meaning than is verbalized
Pragmatics
In order to develop ______for a test, the test should be given to a large, representative group of people of various ages, races, sexes, and geographic locations
Norms
If an adult is 20 years old and her mental age is 30 what is her IQ
150
If an intelligence test asks questions that would more likely be familiar to a person living in a city than to a person living in the country the test is
Culturally biased
What type of intelligence would likely be strongest for an architect who designs skyscrapers
Spatial
What did Alfred Binet develop
First intelligence test
Majority of the scores falling in middle of the possible range and few scores appearing toward the extremes of range
Normal distribution
Intelligence test that are intended to be culturally unbiased
Culture fair test
Robert sternbergs Triarchic theory of intelligence
3: Analytical, creative, practical
Howard gardeners theory of multiple intelligence
9 types: verbal math spatial bodily kinesthetic musical interpersonal intrapersonal naturalist existentialist
Ability to produce an endless number of meaningful sentences
Infinite generativity
“Help” is an example of
Morpheme
“K” sound is example of
Phoneme
Language rules for combining words to form acceptable phrases and sentences
Syntax
Meaning of words and sentences in a particular language
Semantics
Useful character of language and ability of language to communicate even more meaning than is verbalized
Pragmatics
Language determines the way we think a view
Ben whorf
Humans come into the world biologically prewired to learn language at a certain time in a certain way
Noam Chomsky
What structures of the brain are involved with language
Broca’s area and Wernickes area
What role does the environment play on language development
Critical period for language development
0-6 months
Cooing and babbling
6-12
Gestures to communicate about objects
12-18
Understands 50+ words on average
18-24
Vocab increases to 200+ words
2 years
Correct use of plurals
3-4
Use of negatives and imperatives
5-6
Coordination of simple sentencs
6-8
More skilled use of syntactical rules
Bell shaped curve that includes a normal distribution of scores with half lying below and the other half above the average
Normal curve
Extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is intended to measure
Validity
Measure based on giving a test multiple times and receiving similar scores or average each time
Reliability
Adapted binets intelligence test for use in America calling it the standford-Binet test
Lewis terman
Test designed to make predictions about future performances
Aptitude test
Defining present scores on a test by comparing them to a previous groups scores on a test administered under identical conditions
Standardization
Test designed to measure what a person has learned or mastered
Achievement test
Most frequent occurring number In a distribution
Mode
Average score of a distribution
Mean
How scores in a distribution deviate or fall away from the mean
Standard deviation
Score in middle of distribution
Median
Whorfs hypothesis based on the idea that our language affects the way we think
Linguistic relativity hypothesis
System of rules that enable communication
Grammar
Smallest distinctive sound unit in language like a vowel or consonant
Phoneme
Overall ability to learn from experiences, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations
Intelligence
Believed that children learn a language through association, imitation, and modeling
B F skinner
Believed that people have multiple intelligence -9 separate types
Howard gardner
Language stage that appears in the first 3-4 months that involves uttering various sounds
Babbling and cooing
Believed that children were biologically prewired to learn language
Noam Chomsky
Smallest unit in language that carries meaning like a prefix or suffix
Morpheme
Developed the Triarchic theory of intelligence comprised of 3 types of intelligence: analytic practical and creative
Robert sternberg
Occurs in the 2 words stage where a child’s sentences rely on gestures, tone and context to convey meaning
Telegraphic speech
First to develop an intelligence test to measure children’s mental abilities
Alfred Binet
Two types of coping
Primary approval
Secondary approval
Harm or loss that has occured, threat of future in danger, challenge to overcome
Primary approval
0-4
Cries and coos
4-8
Babies phonemes
9-12
Imitate what they hear
1 year
One word
3 year olds
3 or more word sentences
Infinite number of combinations of words, phrases and sentences
Generativity
Can talk about objects and events that aren’t present
Displacement
All languages have
Symbols and grammar
Rules of language
Grammar
Two types of grammar are
Syntax and semantic
Meaning does it make sense
Semantics
Placement of words
Syntax
