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748 > 748 midterm > Flashcards

748 midterm Flashcards

1
Q

True or false: the therapist as a person is a key part of the effectiveness of therapeutic treatments.

A

True

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2
Q

True or false: research shows that both the therapy relationship and the therapy used contribute to treatment outcome.

A

True (But the relationship and who the therapist is as a person is more important).

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3
Q

The most important instrument the therapist has is

A

himself.

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4
Q

The most important instrument the therapist has is himself. Your example of

A

who you are and how you struggle to live up to your potential is important.

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5
Q

If you leave your reactions/yourself out of your work it can

A

make you an ineffective counselor

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6
Q

is it good to be involved with the patient

A

It’s good to be willing to care and be involved with the patient.

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7
Q

You should help clients create goals/find answers, but

A

these should be congruent with the client’s values.

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8
Q

If you don’t agree with a client’s values should you choose not to work with him?

A

No

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9
Q

A self way to manage value conflicts is

A

bracketing

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10
Q

Counseling is recommended for counselors, in part to

A

set an example.

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11
Q

If you really have a value difference with the client you should,

A

seek supervision

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12
Q

Issues faced by beginning therapists:

A 
Tolerating ambiguity
Dealing with clients who lack commitment 
Having a sense of humor
Developing your own counseling style 
Learning to use techniques appropriately
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13
Q

Since you are your most important instrument, it’s important to

A

take care of yourself with self care strategies.

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14
Q

Ethics codes are best described as

A

Guidelines of professional standards of behavior/practice

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15
Q

Do ethics codes make decisions for counselors?

A

No, they are just guidelines

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16
Q

Mandatory ethics

A

Deals with the minimum level of professional practice

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17
Q

Aspirational ethics

A

The highest standards of thinking and conduct

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18
Q

Positive ethics

A

Trying to do your best for the clients instead of the bare minimum

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19
Q

The 4 principles that underlie our professional codes

A

Benefit others,
do no harm,
respect other’s autonomy,
be just, fair, and faithful

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20
Q

The role of ethical codes,

A

They teach us our responsibilities, show what we’re accountable for, improving our practice, protecting our clients

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21
Q

Making ethical decisions:

A

Identify the problem, review relevant codes and laws, seek consultation, brainstorm, list consequences, decide and document the reasons for your actions

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22
Q

When making ethical decision, you should include the client

A

to the degree its possible

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23
Q

Address privacy issues with clients, including the implications of using

A

technology to communicate

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24
Q

how does Informed consent help clients

A

empowers clients and helps to build trust with them

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25
Q

Informed Consent Should include information such as:

A 
Therapeutic procedures and goals
Approximate length of treatment
Risks/benefits and alternatives to treatment
The right to withdraw from treatment
Costs or fees
The counselor’s use of supervision
The limits of confidentiality
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26
Q

Informed Consent Should include information such as: Therapeutic

A

Therapeutic procedures and goals

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27
Q

Informed Consent Should include information such as:

A

Approximate length of treatment

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28
Q

Informed Consent Should include information such as: __________ to treatment

A

Risks/benefits and alternatives to treatment

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29
Q

Informed Consent Should include information such as: The right to

A

The right to withdraw from treatment

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30
Q

Informed Consent Should include information such as: ___ and ___

A

Costs or fees

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31
Q

Informed Consent Should include information such as: The counselor’s

A

The counselor’s use of supervision

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32
Q

Informed Consent Should include information such as: The limits

A

The limits of confidentiality

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33
Q

Limits of Confidentiality:

A

Client poses a danger to self or others

Clients who are children/minors, dependent adults, or older adults are victims of abuse

Client needs to be hospitalized

Information is made an issue in a court action

Client requests a release of record

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34
Q

Limits of Confidentiality: danger

A

Client poses a danger to self or others

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35
Q

Limits of Confidentiality: certain people

A

Clients who are children/minors, dependent adults, or older adults are victims of abuse

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36
Q

Limits of Confidentiality: client needs to be

A

Client needs to be hospitalized

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37
Q

Limits of Confidentiality: legal

A

Information is made an issue in a court action

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38
Q

Limits of Confidentiality: choice

A

Client requests a release of record

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39
Q

ACA Code of Ethics (2014) contains a new set of standards with regard to the use of

A

technology, computer-mediated communication, and social media as a delivery platform

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40
Q

Assumptions made about mental health and illness, human development, and the nature of effective treatment may have

A

little relevance for some clients

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41
Q

Ethics and Culture: Theories should incorporate

A

an interactive person-in-the-environment focus

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42
Q

Counselors must be mindful of ___ ___ issues to practice ethically and effectively

A

social justice

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43
Q

An adequate theory of counseling ___ deal with the social and cultural factors of an individual’s problems

A

does

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44
Q

A counselor or therapist should facilitate social action that

A

leads to change within the client’s community rather than merely increasing the individual’s insight

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45
Q

Assessment

A

an ongoing process designed to help the counselor evaluate key elements of a client’s psychological functioning

46
Q

The Assessment Process: Influenced by

A

the therapist’s theoretical orientation

47
Q

The Assessment Process: Requires

A

cultural sensitivity

48
Q

The Assessment Process: Can be helpful in

A

treatment planning

49
Q

Diagnosis definition

A

is the process of identifying a pattern of symptoms which fit the criteria for a specific mental disorder defined in the DSM-5

50
Q

Diagnosis: Requires

A

cultural sensitivity

51
Q

Diagnosis: Practitioners debate whether

A

a diagnosis is necessary

52
Q

Diagnosis: Can be helpful in

A

treatment planning

53
Q

Diagnosis: can lead to ethical dilemmas if

A

If used only for insurance purposes,

54
Q

What are the 4 Strengths of Evidence-Based Practice:

A

Treatments have been validated by empirical research

Treatments are usually brief and standardized

Are preferred by many insurance companies

Calls for accountability among mental health providers to use effective treatment approaches

55
Q

4 Criticisms of EBP

A

Considered by some to be mechanistic and insensitive to individual differences

Not well-suited for working with existential concerns

Difficult to measure both relational and technical aspects of a psychological treatment

Can be misused as a method of cost containment for insurance companies rather than as a way of improving the quality of services

56
Q

4 things about Multiple or Dual Relationships

A

Not inherently unethical

Must be managed ethically to protect client’s well-being

Examples of nonsexual dual relationships include socializing or starting a business venture with a client, bartering services for goods, or borrowing money

Sexual relationships with current or former clients are exploitive and can result in serious harm

57
Q

Multiple or Dual Relationships: A few helpful questions:

A

Will the dual relationship keep me from confronting and challenging the client?

Will my needs for the relationship become more important than therapeutic activities?

Can my client manage the dual relationship?

Whose needs are being met?

58
Q

Regarding social media, counselors should

A

Limit what is shared online

Include social networking policies as part of informed consent

Regularly update protective settings because privacy rules change

59
Q

For Adler, Individual Psychology meant ___ psychology

A

indivisible

60
Q

Alfred Adler’s Individual Psychology: Is based on the concept of

A

holism

61
Q

Alfred Adler’s Individual Psychology: Is a _____ approach

A

phenomenological

62
Q

Alfred Adler’s Individual Psychology: Provides a ____ explanation of human behavior

A

teleological

63
Q

Alfred Adler’s Individual Psychology: Stresses ___ interest

A

social interest

64
Q

Alfred Adler’s Individual Psychology: family perspective

A

Focuses on birth order and sibling relationships

65
Q

Alfred Adler’s Individual Psychology: Therapy involves TIE

A

teaching, informing, and encouraging

66
Q

Alfred Adler’s Individual Psychology: Considers basic mistakes in the

A

client’s private logic

67
Q

Alfred Adler’s Individual Psychology: The therapeutic relationship is a _____ partnership

A

collaborative (different from freud)

68
Q

Adler: The Phenomenological Approach

A

The world is seen from the client’s subjective frame of reference

How life is in reality is less important than how we believe life to be

Our present interpretation of childhood experiences matters more than the actual events

69
Q

Adler: What does The Phenomenological Approach think about motivations

A

Unconscious instincts and our past do not determine our behavior

70
Q

Adler’s most significant and distinctive concept

A

Social Interest

71
Q

Adler: 3 main parts of Social Interest

A

being a part of something bigger than yourself

Mental health is measured by how much we help others

People express social interest by helping others

72
Q

Adler: Lifestyle

A

How you see yourself/the world

Characteristic way we live and think

A life movement that organizes our reality, giving meaning to life

“fictional finalism” or “guiding self ideal”

73
Q

Adler: Lifestyle: Faulty interpretations may lead to mistaken notions in our

A

“private logic”

74
Q

Adler: Lifestyle is how we

A

move toward our life goals

75
Q

Adler: Lifestyle: Unifies behaviors to

A

provide consistency and makes all our actions “fit together”

76
Q

Adler: Explain The Life Tasks

A

We must successfully master three universal life tasks:

Building friendships (social task)

Establishing intimacy (love–marriage task)

Contributing to society (occupational task)

77
Q

Adler: explain Inferiority

A

A normal feeling that drives us to be better

Makes us creative

characterized by feelings of hopelessness when we’re very young

78
Q

Adler: explain Superiority

A

Promote mastery and enable us to overcome obstacles

79
Q

Adler: Oldest child

A

receives more attention, spoiled, center of attention

80
Q

Adler: Second of only two

A

behaves as if in a race, often opposite to first child

81
Q

Adler: Middle

A

often feels squeezed out

82
Q

Adler: Only

A

does not learn to share or cooperate with other children, learns to deal with adults

83
Q

Adler: Four Phases of Therapy: Phase 1:

A

Establishing the Proper Therapeutic Relationship

84
Q

Adler: Four Phases of Therapy: Phase 1: Establishing the Proper Therapeutic Relationship

A

Supportive, collaborative, educational, encouraging process

Person-to-person contact with the client precedes identification of the problem

Help client build awareness of his or her strengths

85
Q

Adler: Four Phases of Therapy: Phase 2:

A

Exploring the Individual’s Psychological Dynamics

86
Q

Adler: Four Phases of Therapy: Phase 3:

A

Encouraging Self-Understanding/Insight

87
Q

Adler: Four Phases of Therapy: Phase 4:

A

Reorientation and Re-education

88
Q

Adler: Four Phases of Therapy: Phase 2: Exploring the Individual’s Psychological Dynamics

A 
Lifestyle assessment
Subjective interview
Objective interview
Family constellation
Early recollections
Basic mistakes
89
Q

Adler: Four Phases of Therapy: Phase 3: Encouraging Self-Understanding/Insight

A

Interpret the assessment

Hidden things are made conscious

Give interpretations to help clients gain insight into their private logic and lifestyle

90
Q

Adler: Four Phases of Therapy: Phase 4: Reorientation and Re-education

A

Action-oriented phase; emphasis is on putting insights into practice

Clients are reoriented toward the useful side of life

Clients are encouraged to act as if they were the people they want to be

91
Q

the most distinctive intervention and is central to all phases of Adlerian therapy

A

Encouragement

92
Q

Adler: Inside of being just a technique, encouragement is

A

a fundamental attitude

93
Q

Adler: How do you build client’s confidence

A

Expecting clients to assume responsibility for their lives builds their self-confidence and courage

94
Q

Adler: the basic condition that prevents people from functioning

A

Discouragement

95
Q

Adler: Application to Group Counseling

A

Group provides a social context

Sharing of early recollections increases group cohesiveness

Employs a time-limited framework

96
Q

Adler: Strengths from a Diversity Perspective: Adlerian therapy focuses on m___

A

multicultural and social justice issues and addresses the concerns of a contemporary global society

97
Q

Adler: Strengths from a Diversity Perspective: Concepts of ___ emerge in therapy

A

age, ethnicity, lifestyle, sexual/affectional orientations, and gender differences

98
Q

Adler: Strengths from a Diversity Perspective: Adlerians focus on c___

A

Adlerians focus on cooperation and socially oriented values

99
Q

Adler: Strengths from a Diversity Perspective: Adlerians investigate c___

A

culture in much the same way that they approach birth order and family atmosphere

100
Q

Adler: Strengths from a Diversity Perspective: The approach offers f____

A

The approach offers flexibility in applying cognitive and action-oriented techniques to help clients explore their problems in a cultural context

101
Q

Adler: Strengths from a Diversity Perspective: Adler was one of the first psychologists at the turn of the century to

A

advocate equality for women

102
Q

Adler: Limitations from a Diversity Perspective: The approach focuses on the self as

A

the locus of change and responsibility, which may be problematic for some clients

103
Q

Adler: Limitations from a Diversity Perspective: Exploring past childhood experiences, early memories, family experiences, and dreams

A

may not appeal to all

104
Q

Adler: Limitations from a Diversity Perspective: If clients expect the therapist to be the “expert,”

A

they may be dissatisfied with the Adlerian’s collaborative stance

105
Q

Contributions of Adlerian Therapy: This approach is flexible and integrative; it allows for the use of

A

relational, cognitive, behavioral, emotive, and experiential techniques

106
Q

Contributions of Adlerian Therapy: It is suited to b____

A

brief, time-limited therapy

107
Q

Contributions of Adlerian Therapy: Many of Adler’s ideas were revolutionary and far ahead of his time. Many of his ideas have found their way

A

into most of the other therapeutic approaches

108
Q

Limitations of the Adlerian Approach: Adler spent most of his time teaching

A

his theory as opposed to systematically documenting it

109
Q

Limitations of the Adlerian Approach: Many of Adler’s ideas are vague and general, which makes it

A

difficult to conduct research on some concepts

110
Q

Limitations of the Adlerian Approach: Although brilliant in many ways, Adler was not

A

scholarly

748 (12 decks)

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