7.3 Ethics In Sport

Question 1

amateurism

Answer 1

participating in sport for love of it, receiving no financial gain. based upon the concept of athleticism

Question 2

modern day amateurism

Answer 2

Fair play and sportsmanship
- handshakes
- fair play awards
- the Olympic ideal
Some sports still have codes of conduct
- in rugby referee is called ‘sir’

Question 3

Olympic oath

Answer 3

• first taken in 1920 summer Olympics, written by Baron de Coubertin.
• it is a promise made by 1 athlete, 1 coach + 1judge
• still use to an extent today as a festival of sport with fair play and sportsmanship however large amounts of drug doping and positive drug tests and the win at all costs behaviour and stretching of rules

Question 4

sportsmanship

Answer 4

• is conforming to the rules, spirit and etiquette of a sport.
• examples;
  > Players maintain self-control
  > Treat each other fairly
  > Maintain high levels of etiquette
  > Playing the game in positive spirit
  > Respect opponents and officials
• As winning becomes increasingly important sportsmanship comes under attack
• When a team is winning = try to waste time
• Simulation: trying to deceive official by over-acting
  > Violent actions
  > Questioning of decisions
  > Refusing to adopt sporting etiquette

Question 5

how to encourage sportsmanship

Answer 5

• Use of NGB campaigns 2 promote sportsmanship
• Give awards for fair play to encourage to top level sports
• Use of tech to help match officials confirm decisions.
• Introduction of NGB rules
• Punish foul play and unsporting behaviour
• Use of rigorous drug testing

Question 6

gamesmanship

Answer 6

• Bending rules + stretching them to limit without getting caught; using whatever dubious methods possible to achieve the desired results

Question 7

gamesmanship in elite modern-day sport

Answer 7

> Delaying play at a restart
Time wasting when ahead in a game
Verbally ‘sledging’ opponent to distract
Psyching out and opponent at pre-match press conference
Taking injury time-out, toilet break when not necessary to upset rhythm of opponent
Deliberate deception of official to try gain advantage

Question 8

win ethic

Answer 8

Links to the sporting ethic of ‘win at all costs’
Evident in modern day sport -
> No drawn games
> Managers + coaches fired if unsuccessful
> High amounts of deviance
> Media praise for winners
> Media negativity for losers
Modern-day rugby: Blood capsules – specialist kicker to enter the field at a crucial stage in the game

Question 9

Lombardi ethic

Answer 9

‘wining was not a sometime thing, it is an all time thing’

Question 10

positive deviance

Answer 10

• Behaviour that’s outside the norms of society, but no intent to harm or break the rules.
• involves over-adherence or over-conformity to the norms or expectations of society;
  > over training
  > try to compete even when injured
• Striving to win within the rules or etiquette of a sport, but accidentally and without intent injures another player

Question 11

negative deviance

Answer 11

• Behaviour that’s against the norms and has a detrimental effect on individuals + society in general.
• motivation to win at all costs encourages performers who lack moral restraint to act against norms;
  > Taking illegal PEDs
  > Deliberately fouling or harming an opponent through aggression or violent acts
  > Accepting bribes to lose
  > Diving to win a penalty or free kick