7.2 18 Wk Detailed scan Flashcards
what should we be assessing and documenting in our initial overall sagittal sweep?
In the over all sweep, sweep from fundus to cervix to assess for fetal lie
- image the fundus and the cervix (measure the cervix)
- check for fetal HR
- check # of fetuses
- check for amniotic fluid
- placental location
when we do our overall TRX sweep along the lateral aspect of the uterus and adnexa what are we assessing/looking for?
how would we document these finds?
-looking for fibroids on the uterus
… document in 2 planes, measure and doppler
-looking for an adnexal mass on the ovary, usually the corpus luteum or a dermoid cyst
… document in 2 planes, measure and doppler
what is a dermoid cyst
cyst that contains all germ cell tissue (endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm)
what are we assessing/documenting when looking at the placenta?
- postion (low or normal)
- texture
- measuring the distance from the lower placenta edge to the internal os
what is the minimum distance that the lower placental edge should be from the internal os of the cervix?
minimum 2cm from the internal os
what risks does a short cervix pose?
risk for preterm delivery
what should the cervix measure?
~30mm
when very superior, how will the fetal head shape appear?
round
list the cranial images we take
BPD, OFD, HC ventricular image bilateral choroid image cerebellar/posterior fossa image orbital image nose, lips image profile
what does the BPD level assess?
cavum septi pellucidi third ventricle ambient cistern falx head shape
what does the bilateral chord image assess
echotexture of both choroids (should be smooth)… check for cysts
what does the cerebellar image or level assess?
- prescence of the vermis
- cerebellar size
- cisterna magna
- nuchal fold
what is micropthalmia?
small eyes
what is anopthalima? how do we rule this out?
no eyes
R/O by seeing lenses
what is the nose/lip image used to assess?
assessing for cleft lip and abnormal nostrils
what is the profile image used to assess?
assess chin for micro or retrognathia… and nasal bone to see if its present, absent or hypoplastic
what is micrognathia?
what is retrognathia?
micro: small chin
retro: receding chin (normal size)
what should a normal nasal bone measure?
> 2.5mm
when you see the three ossification centres of the spine, what does the 1 anterior and 2 posterior ossification centres represent?
are any other areas of the fetal spine visible on US?
anterior: vertebral body
post: laminar junctions/lamina
NO
as gestration progresses, how do the laminar junctions ossify?
into a linear structure
when is ossification complete?
at 18 wks
in what two plane should the spine be imaged?
SAG and TRX…. coronal is acceptable is SAG isnt possible
how many images of the spine do we take in SAG?
two
1: at the distal end to include the sacrum (lumbar)
2: at the cephalic end to include the cervical spine and skull
include as many vertebral ossifications as possible
is it the most important to sweep the spine in TRX or SAG?
TRX
how many images of the spine do we take in TRX?
what must they/it include?
one: at the lumbosacral junction/sacrum
must include both iliac crests and 3 ossification centres… must also show bladder