7. Self Determination Theory & Mini Theories Flashcards

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1
Q

SDT Founders

A

Ryan & Deci

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2
Q

Self-Determination

A
  • an Intrinsic need to experience freedom of choice in initiating behavior
  • address why people behave the way they do
  • how we socially regulate behavior
  • cost/benefit analysis

(consists of several mini-theories)

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3
Q

SDT Mini Theories

A
  1. Cognitive Evaluation Theory**
  2. Organismic Integration Theory**
  3. Causality Orientations Theory
  4. Basic Psychological Needs Theory**
  5. Goal Contents Theory
  6. Relationships Motivation Theory
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4
Q
  1. Cognitive Evaluation Theory
A
  • External rewards can influence intrinsic motivation
    —- Depends on the reward
    —- Depends on how the individual
    perceives the reward
    ——- is it controlling?
    ——- does it provide information?
    ——- is that info negative or positive?
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5
Q
  1. Organismic Integration Theory
A

○ Controlled motivation ←→ Autonomous motivation
○ Regulation: external, introjected, identified, integrated, and intrinsic
○ → increasing self-determination

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6
Q
  1. Basic Pyschological Needs Theory
A

We seek out challenges to satisfy three basic psychological needs:

  1. Competence
  2. Autonomy
  3. Relatedness

Varying degrees, all on their own continuum

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7
Q
  1. Basic Psychological Needs Theory: Needs Descriptions
A
  • Competence: need to feel that we’re good at what we do
  • Autonomy: need to perceive our own behaviors as freely chosen
  • Relatedness: need to feel a sense of belonging, connectedness
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8
Q
  1. Basic Psychological Needs Theory: Thwarting
A
  • Thwarting (preventing needs being met)
    ■ Coaches, parents, etc.
    ■ Competence- imposing unrealistic expectations; highlighting mistakes
    ■ Autonomy- feeling prevented to make own choices
    ■ Relatedness- feel other’s envy, jealous; lack of cohesion
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9
Q

Intinsic Motivation

A

● Doing an activity for itself
● Pleasure and satisfaction from participation
● No contingencies on participation

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10
Q

Extrinsic Motivation

A

● Goals are not those inherent in the activity itself
● Behaviors/activities are a means to an end (reward)

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11
Q

Functions of Rewards - Deci

A

Reward → Controlling function → Contributes to perception that control has shifted from internal to external sources → Intrinsic motivation is decreased

Reward → Informational function → Develops or adds to perceptions of personal competence → intrinsic motivation is increased

Reward → Informational function → Provides information implying personal incompetence → Intrinsic motivation is decreased

(know graph)

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12
Q

Functions of Rewards: Scholarship Example

A

(know graph)

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13
Q

Passion

A

Passion- strong inclination toward a sport or exercise that a person loves, finds self-defining, and invests substantial time and energy (Vallerand, 2015)
- Harmonious passion
○ Autonomous, internal
- Obsessive passion
○ Controlled, internal
○ Compelled to participate

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14
Q

Self Determination Model

A

Functionally Significant Events –> Need Satisfaction –> Potential Outcomes

(know graph)
(know how to create examples!)

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15
Q

How can one foster self-determination in sport?

A
  • Provide autonomy support: encourage athletes to initiate their own actions, give choices
  • Clear and postive feedabck: contingent on actual behavior to improve competence (not telling them they did great when they didn’t)
  • Show empathy, interest in athletes as people: foster connections between coach/athlete and teammates
  • Think about how use of extrinsic rewards/punishments influence the intrinsic/extrinsic motivation of our athletes
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16
Q

Why is self determination important?

A
  • keeps athletes in sport longer
    —– intrinsic, autonomous motivation = reduced risk of burnout
  • more enjoyable
  • higher levels of engagement
  • linked to performance improvements (led by individual wanting to improve)