7-Aneurysms and Dissection Flashcards
what is an aneurysm
localized dilation of an artery
where do aneurysms usually occur
- aorta
- ventricles of heart
what are varicosities
dilation of veins
what is a true aneurysm
-dilation of all 3 layers (intima, media, and andventitia)
what is a pseudoaneurysm
intimal anad medial layers are disrupted or ruptured. dilation is lined by adventitia only
what are the most pathological conditions associated with aortic aneurysm
1-atherosclerosis
2-cystidc medial degeneration
where are most atherosclerotic aneurysms located
75% are in distal abdominal aorta and below renal arteries
where are most syphilitic aneurysms located
ascending aorta and arch
how are aneurysms classified morphologically
1-fusiform aneurysm 2-cylindrical 3-saccular 4-syphilitic 5-tuberculous 6-mycotic
what is a fusiform aneurysm
symmetrical spindle shaped dilation
what is cystic medial necrosis
degeneration of collagen and elastic fibers in tunica media of aorta
what is usually affected by cystic medial necrosis
proximal aorta
cystic medial necrosis is prevalent in patients with what
marfan syndrome arachnodactyly excessive length of extremities ehler-danlos syndrom pregnancy hypertension valvular heart disease
what causes saccular aneurysm
presently due to atheroma
in the past, due to syphilis
where are syphilitic aneurysms located
90% in ascending aorta or arch
