7

Question 1

Anterograde amnesia:

Answer 1

involves the loss of memories for events that occur AFTER the onset of amnesia

Question 2

Attention:

Answer 2

focusing awareness on a narrowed range of stimuli or events

Question 3

Chunk:

Answer 3

group of familiar stimuli stored as a single unit

Question 4

Decay theory:

Answer 4

proposes that forgetting occurs because memory traces fade with time

Question 5

Declarative memory system:

Answer 5

handles factual information

Question 6

Encoding:

Answer 6

involves forming a memory code

Question 7

Episodic memory system:

Answer 7

made up of chronological, temporally dated, recollections of personal experiences
eg.) the party on youre 18th birthday

Question 8

Explicit memory:

Answer 8

involves intentional recollection of previous experiences

Question 9

Implicit memory:

Answer 9

apparent when retention is exhibited on a task that does not require intentional remembering

Question 10

Interference theory:

Answer 10

proposes that people forget information because of competition from other material

Question 11

Levels-of-processing theory:

Answer 11

proposes that deeper levels of processing result in longer-lasting memory codes

Question 12

Long-term memory:

Answer 12

an unlimited capacity store that can hold information over lengthy periods of time

Question 13

Misinformation effect:

Answer 13

occurs when participants recall of an event they witnessed is altered by introducing misleading post-event information

Question 14

Nondeclarative memory system:

Answer 14

houses memory for actions, skills, operations, and conditioned responses

Question 15

Parallel distributed processing:

Answer 15

simultaneous processing of the same information that is spread across networks of neurons

Question 16

Proactive interference:

Answer 16

occurs when previously learned information interferes with the retention of new information

Question 17

Recall:

Answer 17

requires subjects to reproduce information on their own without any cues

Question 18

Recognition:

Answer 18

requires subjects to select previously learned information from an array of options

Question 19

Retroactive interference:

Answer 19

occurs when new information impairs the retention of previously learned information

Question 20

Retrograde amnesia:

Answer 20

involves the loss of memories for events that occurred PRIOR to the onset of amnesia

Question 21

Semantic memory system:

Answer 21

contains general knowledge that is not tied to the time when the information was learned
eg.) the names of colours, sounds of letters, - basic facts

Question 22

Sensory memory:

Answer 22

preserves information in its original sensory form for a brief time, usually only a fraction of a second

Question 23

Memory:

Answer 23

the storing of information in the brain

Question 24

Short-term memory (STM):

Answer 24

a limited capacity store that can maintain unrehearsed information for up to about 20 seconds

Question 25

Working memory:

Answer 25

a limited capacity storage system that temporarily maintains and stores information by providing an interface between perception, memory and action

Question 26

Who was Hermann Ebbinghaus?

Answer 26

He was the first person to conduct scientific studies of forgetting

Question 27

What did Hermann invent?

Answer 27

Invented nonsense syllables, consonant vowel consonant arrangements that do not correspond to words

Question 28

What dimensions of encoding can improve memory?

Answer 28

Elaboration, visual imagery, and self-referent coding

Question 29

What enhances semantic encoding?

Answer 29

Elaboration

Question 30

What words are easier to remember?

Answer 30

High-imagery words