68. Terminology and classification of tumors

Question 1

Epithelial malignant tumours

Answer 1

carcinoma

Question 2

mesenchymal malignant tumours

Answer 2

sarcoma

Question 3

Dysontogenic tumours

Answer 3

Individual category, somewhere inbetween neoplasias and developmental anomalies

Question 4

Choristoma

Answer 4

Normally differentiated tissue developed at a wrong location,

Question 5

Hamartoma

Answer 5

focal malformation, abnormally differentiated tissue at anatomically normal location

Question 6

Benign

Answer 6

Localised, grows slower (capsule), well-removable
No invasion or metastasis
Can cause compression, but usually does not harm patient’s life
Genetically „simple” (less mutation) and stable (less variation in genetic structure over time)

Question 7

Malignant

Answer 7

Faster growth, local invasion into surrounding tissues Metastasis to distant organs
Less-differentiated, differing grade
Can cause patient’s death

Question 8

Semimalignant tumours

Answer 8

Locally invasive, infiltrating the surrounding tissues
No metastasis
Usually gives recurrence

Question 9

Semimalignant tumours example

Answer 9

myxoma, hypercellular fibroma, papilloma

Question 10

Anaplasia nuclear cytoplasm ratio?

Answer 10

Anisocytosis, anisokaryosis, karyomegaly, increased nuclear:cytoplasmic ratio (1:1 instead of 1:4, 1:6)

Question 11

pre-neoplastic lesions examples

Answer 11

dysplasia, metaplasia