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chem > 6.3 carbox and esters > Flashcards

6.3 carbox and esters Flashcards

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1
Q

how are carboxylic acids soluble?

A

the lone pair of e- on the oxyegn causes a negative charge and the positive charge on the hydrogen means the acid forms hydrogen bonds with water

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2
Q

are carbox weak or strong acids

A

weak as they partially dissociate the hydrogen from the hydroxyl group

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3
Q

how are esters formed?

A

when a carbox acids reacts with an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst forming an ester

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4
Q

esters with acids =

A

carbox acids and alcohols

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5
Q

esters with bases =

A

salts of carbox acids

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6
Q

how to make esters?

A
  1. alcohol and carboxylic acid
  2. acid anhydride and phenol
  3. acid anhydride and alcohol
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7
Q

why do acyl chlorides take part in nucleophilic addition-elimination reactions?

A

the difference in electronegativity of R-C=O leads to polarity within compound

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8
Q

acyl chlorides + water reaction

A

nucleophilic addition-elimation forming a carbox acid + HCl

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9
Q

acid anhydrides + water reaction

A

nucleophilic addition-elimation forming a carbox acid

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10
Q

acid chlorides + ammonia reaction

A

nucleophilic addition-elimation forming amides + HCl

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11
Q

acid anhydrides + ammonia reaction

A

nucleophilic addition-elimation forming amides

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12
Q

acyl chloride + primary amine reaction

A

nucleophilic addition-elimation forming an N-sub amide

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13
Q

acid anhydride + primary amines

A

nucleophilic addition-elimation forming an N-sub amide

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14
Q

carbox acid + metal carbonate reaction

A

forms water + CO2 + carboxylate salt

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15
Q

acyl chloride + alcohol reaction

A

forms an ester and HCl

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16
Q

carbox acid + metal reaction

A

hydrogen and carboxylate salt

17
Q

carbox acid + alkali

A

water and carboxyalte salt

18
Q

what is a carboxylate ion?

A

ion that is the conjugate base of a carboxylic acid: in carboxylate salts the hydrogen of the -OH group has been replaced by a metal

19
Q

how can i form an ester using phenol?

A

reacting it with acyl chloride

chem (26 decks)

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