4.1 core concepts Flashcards
1
Q
alkyl group formula
A
CnH2n+1
2
Q
aliphatic group
A
all its carbons in a straight line
3
Q
alicylic
A
non-aromatic rings with/without branching
4
Q
aromatic
A
contains a benzene ring
5
Q
saturated
A
single bonds only
6
Q
unsaturated
A
has one or more C-C double/triple bonds or aromatic ring
7
Q
1 carbon =
A
meth
8
Q
2 carbons =
A
eth
9
Q
3 carbons =
A
prop
10
Q
4 carbons =
A
but
11
Q
5 carbons =
A
pent
12
Q
6 carbons =
A
hex
13
Q
7 carbons =
A
hept
14
Q
8 carbons =
A
oct
15
Q
9 carbons =
A
non
16
Q
10 carbons =
A
dec
17
Q
alkane suffix
A
- ane
18
Q
alkene suffix
A
- ene
19
Q
haloalkane prefix
A
chloro-
bromo-
iodo-
fluro-
20
Q
alcohols suffix
A
- ol
21
Q
aldehydes suffix
A
- al
22
Q
ketones suffix
A
- one
23
Q
carbox acid suffix
A
- oic acid
24
Q
3 types of isomerism
A
- functional group
- positional isomerism
- chain isomerism
25
2 ways covalent bonds can break
1. homolytic fission
2. heterolytic fisson
26
how are electrons shared in homolytic fission?
both atoms get one electron from the bond
27
how are electrons shared in heterolytic fission?
one atom gets both electrons from the bond
28
rules in mechanisms
1. atom with unpaired electron = radical
2. formation of bond = curly arrow
3. one electron = half curly arrow
