6.2 carbonyls Flashcards
1
Q
where are aldehydes located
A
at the end of the carbon chains
2
Q
where are ketones located
A
joined to 2 carbons in the chain
3
Q
what are aldehydes oxidised to + how
A
carboxylic acids by reflux with potassium dichromate
4
Q
why do carbonyl compounds react with some nucleophiles by nucleophilic addition?
A
the C=O bond is polar
5
Q
what to + how are aldehydes reduced?
A
reduced by warming with NaBH4 in nucleophilic addiction to a primary alcohol
6
Q
what to + how are ketones reduced?
A
reduced by warming with **NaBH4 **in nucleophilic addiction to a secondary alcohol
7
Q
how to lengthen carbon chains
A
NaCN and H2SO4 to aldehyde
8
Q
tests for carbonyl
A
- 2-4 DNP - orange/yellow = positive for carbonyl
- Tollens’ - siver mirror = aldehyde
