5.5 transition elements

Question 1

properties of transition metals

Answer 1

1. formation of complexes
2. formation of coloured ions
3. variable oxidation states
4. ability to act as a catalyst
5. good conductors
6. high m.p and b.p
7. malleable and ductile

Question 2

electron configuration and exceptions

Answer 2

4s shell filled before 3d shell.

copper and chromium where the 3d shell is half or fully filled before the 4s shell is filled.

Question 3

electron configuration of Cu

Answer 3

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1

Question 4

electron configuration of Cr

Answer 4

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1

Question 5

why are scandium and zinc not transition elements

Answer 5

scandium has no d-block electrons. zinc has a full d-sub shell. both only form 1 ion

Question 6

product of haber process

Answer 6

ammonia

Question 7

product of hydrogenation of vegetable fats

Answer 7

margarine

Question 8

product of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide

Answer 8

water and oxygen

Question 9

product of the contact process

Answer 9

sulfuric acid

Question 10

product of iodide ions and peroxodisulfate ions

Answer 10

iodine

Question 11

catalyst used in haber process

Answer 11

iron (hetero)

Question 12

catalyst used in hydrogenation of vegetable fats

Answer 12

nickel (hetero)

Question 13

catalyst used in decomposition of hydrogen peroxide

Answer 13

manganese dioxide (hetero)

Question 14

catalyst used in the contact process

Answer 14

vandium (V) oxide (hetero)

Question 15

catalyst used iodide ions and peroxodisulfate ions

Answer 15

iron (homo)

Question 16

ligand

Answer 16

molecule or ion that donates a pair of electrons to a central metal ion to form a coordinate bond/dative covalent bond

Question 17

coordinate bonds

Answer 17

covalent bond in which both electrons come from the same atom.

Question 18

coordination number

Answer 18

number of coordinate bonds to metal ion

Question 19

monodenate ligands

Question 20

bidentate ligands

Question 21

4 shapes of transition metal complexes

Answer 21

linear
tetrahedral
square planar
octahedral

Question 22

example of linear complex ion

Answer 22

[Ag(NH3)2]+

Question 23

example of tetrahedral complex ion

Answer 23

Cl- in [CuCl4]2-

Question 24

example of square planar complex ion

Answer 24

[Ni(CN)4]2-

Question 25

example of octahedral complex ion

Answer 25

[Cu(H2O)6]2+

Question 26

use of cis-platin

Answer 26

treatment for cancer as it binds with DNA to prevent cell division

Question 27

ligand substitution with example

Answer 27

one ligand replacing another
[Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 4Cl- –> CuCl4 2- + 6H2O