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Chemistry > 6.2.4 Carbon-carbon formation and 6.2.5 Synthesis > Flashcards

6.2.4 Carbon-carbon formation and 6.2.5 Synthesis Flashcards

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1
Q

nitrile group

A

-CN

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2
Q

haloalkane + sodium cyanide or pottasium cyanide (in ethanol) ->

A

nitriles

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3
Q

how to make hydroxynitrile

A

aldehydes and ketones react with hydrogen cyanide in nucleophillic reaction

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4
Q

what is used instead of hydrogen cyanide

A

sodium cyanide and sulfuric acid

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5
Q

how to reduce a nitrile to an amine

A

react with hydrogen in presence of Nickel catalyst

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6
Q

hydrolysis of nitriles

A

hydrolysed to form carboxylic acids by heating with dilute HCl

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7
Q

what is alkylation

A

reaction that transfers an alkyl group from a haloalkane to a benzene ring
- takes place in presence of catalyst such as aliminium chloride

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8
Q

what is acylation

A

when benzene reacts with an acyl chloride in presence of an aluminium chloride catalyst then a ketone is formed

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9
Q

alcohol to alkene

A

H2SO4

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10
Q

alcohol to haloalkane

A

sodium halide
H2SO4

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11
Q

alkene to alcohol

A

H3PO4
H2O

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12
Q

haloalkane to alcohol

A

NaOH

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13
Q

haloalkane to nitrile

A

NaCN

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14
Q

nitrile to amine

A

H2
Ni catalyst

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15
Q

nitrile to carboxylic acids

A

H2O
HCl

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16
Q

halolkane to amine

A

NH3
ethanol

17
Q

carboxylic acids to acyl chloride

A

+ SOCl2

18
Q

acyl chloride to carboxylic acid

A

+ H2O

19
Q

acyl chloride to ester

A

+ alcohol

20
Q

ester to sodium salt of carboxylic acid and alcohol

A

+ NaOH
alkaline hydrolysis

21
Q

acyl chloride to primary amide

A

+ NH3

22
Q

acyl chloride to secondary amide

A

+ primary amine

23
Q

aldehyde to hydroxynitrile

A

+ NaCN
H+

24
Q

aldehyde to alcohol

A

+ NaBH4
H2O

25
Q

alcohol to aldehyde

A

K2Cr2O7
H2SO4
heat and distil

26
Q

alcohol to carboxylic acid

A

K2Cr2O7
H2SO4
H.U.R

27
Q
A

Chemistry (34 decks)

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