4.2.3 Organic Synthesis

Question 1

separation of liquid by distillation

Answer 1

distillator is used
liquids with lowest boiling point is collected first

Question 2

Purifying organic liquid method

Answer 2

separate organic product and aqueous product
add water to mixture as layer gets bigger in aqueous layer
due to different densities
add mixtures to funnel adding water to find aqueous
let 1st layer out
add sodium carbonate and anhydrous salt to remove H2O

Question 3

Redistillation method

Answer 3

redistilled using a smaller boiling point range so organic products are removed separately making it purer

Question 4

How to dry organic liquid

Answer 4

add anhydrous inorganic salt as it readily takes up water so it becomes hydrated
mix with stopper so water doesn’t evaporate
leave for 10 mins
add more salt if in a lump as there’s still water present it should be a fine powder
decant liquid from solid into another conical flask

Question 5

synthetic routes