5.3.2 Transition metals

Question 1

what block are Sc to Zn in?

Answer 1

d block

Question 2

which are transition elements?

Answer 2

Ti to Cu

Question 3

what are transition elements

Answer 3

d-block elements which form at least one ion with a partially filled d orbital

Question 4

properties of transition metals

Answer 4

compounds have different oxidation states
they form different coloured compounds
the elements and they’re compounds can act as catalysts

Question 5

what colour is Fe(II)

Answer 5

pale green

Question 6

what colour is Fe(III)

Answer 6

yellow

Question 7

what colour is Cr(II)

Answer 7

blue

Question 8

what colour is Cr(III)

Answer 8

green

Question 9

what colour is Cr(VI)

Answer 9

orange/yellow

Question 10

examples of transition metals as catalysts
(4 examples)

Answer 10

iron in harber process
Ni in hydrogenation
vanadium oxide in contact process
magenese oxide in decomposition of hydrogen peroxide

Question 11

complex ions definition

Answer 11

when transition metals are in solution

Question 12

what is the metal ion surrounded by in complex ions

Answer 12

ligands

Question 13

what is a ligand

Answer 13

molecule or ion that forms a co-ordinate bond(dative covalent) by donating a pair of electrons to the central metal ion

Question 14

what are co-ordination numbers

Answer 14

total number of coordination bonds which a metal ion forms

Question 15

cyanide ion

Answer 15

CN-

Question 16

what colour precipitate forms when NaOH or NH3 added dropwise to Mn2+

Answer 16

light brown ppt

Question 17

what is colour of Mn2+

Answer 17

pale pink

Question 18

bond shape and angle does 6 coordinate complex have

Answer 18

octahedral, 90 degrees

Question 19

example of monodenate ligand

Answer 19

H2O, NH3, Cl-, CN-, OH-

Question 20

what does a BIDENTATE ligand do

Answer 20

forms 2 coordinate bonds to metal ion

Question 21

when filling electrons in an atom, is 4s or 3d filled first

Answer 21

4s

Question 22

colour change observed when adding excess NaOH to Cr3+

Answer 22

violet solution to dark green solution

Question 23

how can Cu2+ be reduced to Cu+

Answer 23

iodide ions

Question 24

what colour precipitate forms when NaOH or NH3 added to Cr3+

Answer 24

green ppt

Question 25

how can Cr3+ be oxidised to chromate(VI)

Answer 25

hot H2O2 with OH-

Question 26

3 properties of transition elements

Answer 26

form multiple oxidation states coloured compounds elements and compounds can act as catalysts

Question 27

how can Cu2+ be reduced to Cu+

Answer 27

iodide ions

Question 28

colour of Fe2+

Answer 28

pale green

Question 29

colour change when adding excess NaOH to Cr3+

Answer 29

violet to dark green

Question 30

how can dichromate be reduced to Cr3+

Answer 30

zinc metal

Question 31

what colour results when excess ammonia added to Cr3+

Answer 31

purple solution

Question 32

what type of sterioisomer does the complex [Pt(NH3)2Cl2] show

Answer 32

cis- trans

Question 33

colour result when ammonia added to Cr3+

Answer 33

grey-green ppt

Question 34

colour ppt when NaOH or NH3 added to Fe3+

Answer 34

orange-brown ppt

Question 35

why is CO toxic

Answer 35

CO forms stronger coordinate bond to Fe2+ in haem than O2 so bind irreversibly

Question 36

why is it called d block

Answer 36

highest energy electrons are in d orbitals

Question 37

what ligand substitution happens in haemoglobin close to a respiring cell

Answer 37

O2 lignand of oxyhaemoglobin is substituted by CO2 to make carboxyhaemoglobin

Question 38

how can Cu+ be disproportionated to Cu and Cu2+

Answer 38

add dilute sulfuric acid

Question 39

which 2 elements in first row of d block are not transition elements

Answer 39

Sc and Zn

Question 40

how can Fe2+ be oxidised to Fe3+

Answer 40

maganate(VII), MnO4- with H+

Question 41

definition of a transition element

Answer 41

d-block elements which form at least one ion with partially filled d orbital

Question 42

colour change when excess ammonia added to Cu2+

Answer 42

dark blue solution

Question 43

how can Fe3+ be reduced to Fe2+

Answer 43

iodide ions

Question 44

colour of Cu2+

Answer 44

blue

Question 45

type of sterioisomerism does complex [Pt(NH3)2Cl2] show

Answer 45

cis trans

Question 46

colour of Fe2+

Answer 46

pale green

Question 47

colour of ppt forms when NaOH or NH3 added dropwise to Mn2+

Answer 47

light-brown ppt

Question 48

what does bidentate ligand do

Answer 48

forms 2 coordinate bonds to metal ion

Question 49

what happens to haemoglobin as blood passes through lungs

Answer 49

haem group containing Fe2+ forms a coordinate bond to O2 molecule

Question 50

colour change when HCl is added to Cu2+

Answer 50

pale blue solution to yellow

Question 51

colour ppt when NaOH or NH3 added dropwise to Fe3+

Answer 51

orange-brown ppt

Question 52

define ligand substitution reaction

Answer 52

1 ligand in a complex ion is replaced by another

Question 53

type of isomer you can get with octahedral complexes with 2+ bidentate ligands

Answer 53

optical isomers

Question 54

which have unusual electron configurations in d block

Answer 54

chromium and copper

Question 55

why is CO toxic

Answer 55

as it forms much stronger coordinate bond to Fe2+ in haem than O2 so binds irreversibly

Question 56

colour when ammonia added to Cr3+

Answer 56

grey-green ppt

Question 57

colour ppt when NaOH or NH3 added to Cu2+

Answer 57

blue ppt

Question 58

how does cis-platin work as chemotherapy drug

Answer 58

binds to DNA preventing cell division

Question 59

colour ppt when NaOH or NH3 added to Cr3+

Answer 59

green ppt

Question 60

colour of Fe3+

Answer 60

pale yellow

Question 61

colour when excess ammonia added to Cr3+

Answer 61

purple solution

Question 62

colour change when adding excess NaOH to Cr3+

Answer 62

violet to dark green solution

Question 63

colour of Mn2+

Answer 63

pale pink

Question 64

how can dichromate be reduced to Cr3+

Answer 64

zinc metal

Question 65

how can Cr3+ be oxidised to chromate(VI)

Answer 65

Hot H2O2 with OH-

Question 66

colour change when ammonia added to Cu2+

Answer 66

pale blue solution to pale blue ppt

Question 67

colour of Cr3+

Answer 67

violet