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Chemistry > 5.3.2 Transition metals > Flashcards

5.3.2 Transition metals Flashcards

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1
Q

what block are Sc to Zn in?

A

d block

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2
Q

which are transition elements?

A

Ti to Cu

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3
Q

what are transition elements

A

d-block elements which form at least one ion with a partially filled d orbital

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4
Q

properties of transition metals

A

compounds have different oxidation states
they form different coloured compounds
the elements and they’re compounds can act as catalysts

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5
Q

what colour is Fe(II)

A

pale green

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6
Q

what colour is Fe(III)

A

yellow

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7
Q

what colour is Cr(II)

A

blue

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8
Q

what colour is Cr(III)

A

green

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9
Q

what colour is Cr(VI)

A

orange/yellow

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10
Q

examples of transition metals as catalysts
(4 examples)

A

iron in harber process
Ni in hydrogenation
vanadium oxide in contact process
magenese oxide in decomposition of hydrogen peroxide

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11
Q

complex ions definition

A

when transition metals are in solution

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12
Q

what is the metal ion surrounded by in complex ions

A

ligands

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13
Q

what is a ligand

A

molecule or ion that forms a co-ordinate bond(dative covalent) by donating a pair of electrons to the central metal ion

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14
Q

what are co-ordination numbers

A

total number of coordination bonds which a metal ion forms

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15
Q

cyanide ion

A

CN-

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16
Q

what colour precipitate forms when NaOH or NH3 added dropwise to Mn2+

A

light brown ppt

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17
Q

what is colour of Mn2+

A

pale pink

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18
Q

bond shape and angle does 6 coordinate complex have

A

octahedral, 90 degrees

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19
Q

example of monodenate ligand

A

H2O, NH3, Cl-, CN-, OH-

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20
Q

what does a BIDENTATE ligand do

A

forms 2 coordinate bonds to metal ion

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21
Q

when filling electrons in an atom, is 4s or 3d filled first

A

4s

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22
Q

colour change observed when adding excess NaOH to Cr3+

A

violet solution to dark green solution

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23
Q

how can Cu2+ be reduced to Cu+

A

iodide ions

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24
Q

what colour precipitate forms when NaOH or NH3 added to Cr3+

A

green ppt

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25
Q

how can Cr3+ be oxidised to chromate(VI)

A

hot H2O2 with OH-

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26
Q

3 properties of transition elements

A

form multiple oxidation states
coloured compounds
elements and compounds can act as catalysts

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27
Q

how can Cu2+ be reduced to Cu+

A

iodide ions

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28
Q

colour of Fe2+

A

pale green

29
Q

colour change when adding excess NaOH to Cr3+

A

violet to dark green

30
Q

how can dichromate be reduced to Cr3+

A

zinc metal

31
Q

what colour results when excess ammonia added to Cr3+

A

purple solution

32
Q

what type of sterioisomer does the complex [Pt(NH3)2Cl2] show

A

cis- trans

33
Q

colour result when ammonia added to Cr3+

A

grey-green ppt

34
Q

colour ppt when NaOH or NH3 added to Fe3+

A

orange-brown ppt

35
Q

why is CO toxic

A

CO forms stronger coordinate bond to Fe2+ in haem than O2 so bind irreversibly

36
Q

why is it called d block

A

highest energy electrons are in d orbitals

37
Q

what ligand substitution happens in haemoglobin close to a respiring cell

A

O2 lignand of oxyhaemoglobin is substituted by CO2 to make carboxyhaemoglobin

38
Q

how can Cu+ be disproportionated to Cu and Cu2+

A

add dilute sulfuric acid

39
Q

which 2 elements in first row of d block are not transition elements

A

Sc and Zn

40
Q

how can Fe2+ be oxidised to Fe3+

A

maganate(VII), MnO4- with H+

41
Q

definition of a transition element

A

d-block elements which form at least one ion with partially filled d orbital

42
Q

colour change when excess ammonia added to Cu2+

A

dark blue solution

43
Q

how can Fe3+ be reduced to Fe2+

A

iodide ions

44
Q

colour of Cu2+

A

blue

45
Q

type of sterioisomerism does complex [Pt(NH3)2Cl2] show

A

cis trans

46
Q

colour of Fe2+

A

pale green

47
Q

colour of ppt forms when NaOH or NH3 added dropwise to Mn2+

A

light-brown ppt

48
Q

what does bidentate ligand do

A

forms 2 coordinate bonds to metal ion

49
Q

what happens to haemoglobin as blood passes through lungs

A

haem group containing Fe2+ forms a coordinate bond to O2 molecule

50
Q

colour change when HCl is added to Cu2+

A

pale blue solution to yellow

51
Q

colour ppt when NaOH or NH3 added dropwise to Fe3+

A

orange-brown ppt

52
Q

define ligand substitution reaction

A

1 ligand in a complex ion is replaced by another

53
Q

type of isomer you can get with octahedral complexes with 2+ bidentate ligands

A

optical isomers

54
Q

which have unusual electron configurations in d block

A

chromium and copper

55
Q

why is CO toxic

A

as it forms much stronger coordinate bond to Fe2+ in haem than O2 so binds irreversibly

56
Q

colour when ammonia added to Cr3+

A

grey-green ppt

57
Q

colour ppt when NaOH or NH3 added to Cu2+

A

blue ppt

58
Q

how does cis-platin work as chemotherapy drug

A

binds to DNA preventing cell division

59
Q

colour ppt when NaOH or NH3 added to Cr3+

A

green ppt

60
Q

colour of Fe3+

A

pale yellow

61
Q

colour when excess ammonia added to Cr3+

A

purple solution

62
Q

colour change when adding excess NaOH to Cr3+

A

violet to dark green solution

63
Q

colour of Mn2+

A

pale pink

64
Q

how can dichromate be reduced to Cr3+

A

zinc metal

65
Q

how can Cr3+ be oxidised to chromate(VI)

A

Hot H2O2 with OH-

66
Q

colour change when ammonia added to Cu2+

A

pale blue solution to pale blue ppt

67
Q

colour of Cr3+

A

violet

68
Q
A

Chemistry (34 decks)

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