6.15 Flashcards
where does glycerol introduce itself
to G3P
where do fatty acids introduce themselves
acetyl coa
where do amino acids introduce themselves
during the citric acid cycle, acetyl coa, and pyruvate after discarding an amino group
where is the oxygen breathed transferred to
water
where is the glucose we eat transferred to (oxygen molecules)
CO2
conversion into organic molecules?
As carbohydrates are broken down in glycolysis and the oxidation of pyruvate glycerol can be made from g3P and fatty acids can be made from acetyl CoA. Amino group, containing N atoms, must be supplied to various intermediates of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to produce amino acids.
what is the fat stored in the human body? Can it be broken down for cellular respiration?
glycogen. Yes, it can be hydrolyzed to glucose for cellular respiration.
why are fats excellent fuel for cellular respiration?
many hydrogen atoms; energy rich electrons. A gram of fat yields twice as much as a gram of carbohydrate
what does cellular respiration not like to use for fuel
protein/amino acids
Animals store most of their energy reserves as fat, not as polysaccharides. Advantages?
Fats have more fuel.
Macromolecules can be incorporated into cellular respiration, but how can they be removed from cellular respiration to the biosynthesis of organic molecule.
Just switch around the direction they come from. g3p has glycerol removed from it.
How does feedback inhibition occur in cellular respiration.
A build up ATP inhibits an enzyme in glycolysis. This conserves resources. A build of ADP would signal a need for energy.
explain how someone can gain weight and store fat even when on a low fat diet.
If caloric intake is excessive, body cells use metabolic pathways to convert the excess to fat. The glycerol and fatty acids of fats are made from G3P and acetyl coA, respectively, both produced from the oxidation of carbohydrates.
