6.12 Intro to ANS Pharmacology

Question 1

What are drug targets of the ANS?

Answer 1

1) Muscarinic Receptors
2) Nicontinic receptors
3) AcH Inhibitors
4) Adrenergic Receptors (block and stimulate)

Question 2

Discuss Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

Answer 2

• An indirect drug effect (drug target in the PSNS)
• The primary mechanism that limits the synaptic concentration and duration of acetylcholine is its inactivation by acetylcholinesterase.

Question 3

Discuss Beta-1 adrenergic Receptor

Answer 3

Heart increase rate (chronotropic), increase force of contraction (isotropic); increase nerve conduction

Question 4

Discuss Beta-2 adrenergic Receptor

Answer 4

• Lungs bronchodilate
• Uterus relax
• Blood vessels dilate

Question 5

Discuss Beta-3 adrenergic Receptors

Answer 5

Bladder relax

Question 6

Discuss Alpha-1 adrenergic Receptors

Answer 6

Blood vessels vasoconstriction

Question 7

Discuss Alpha-2 adrenergic Receptor

Answer 7

• Presynaptic nerve terminal (autoregulate)
• Decrease NE release
• In CNS causes a decrease SNS tone; analgesia

Question 8

Discuss Beta Blockers

Answer 8

• Primary therapeutic goal is to block beta-1-receptors with minimal effect.
• Beta-2-receptors: bronchoconstriction and vasoconstiction.

Question 9

Discuss Alpha Blockers

Answer 9

Block alpha-1-receptors with minimal effect on alpha-2-receptors

Question 10

What two enzymes can effect norepinephrine?

Answer 10

MAO: Monoamine oxidase

COMT

Question 11

What are postsynaptic neural synapse drug targets?

Answer 11

• AChE inhibitors

- Muscarinic ACH receptors

Question 12

What are example of direct stimulate or blocked post synaptic receptors?

Answer 12

1) Muscarinic receptor stimulant- bronchocostriction or bronchospasm
2) Muscarinic receptor blocker: bronchodilation

Question 13

What are indirect effects of drugs?

Answer 13

1) stimulate the release of neurotransmitter from pre-synaptic neuron
2) Inhibit systems that limit the synaptic concentration duration of neurotransmitters.
3) Inhibit the release of neurotransmitter from pre-synaptic neuron.

Question 14

What are symptoms of stimulation of muscarinic receptors?

Answer 14

-Diarrhea, Urination, miosis, baradycardia, brochoconstriction, emesis, lacrimation, salivation, and sweating.

Question 15

What are symptoms of Anticholinergic drug excess?

Answer 15

1) Confusion, memory loss
2) Blurred Vision
3) Constipation
4) Urinary retention, enlarged prostate.
5) Dry mouth

Question 16

What is semi-selectivity?

Answer 16

• Albuterol is semi-selective beta-2-receptor agonist used as a bronchodilater.
• As its dose is increased it tends to increase heart rat via beta-1-receptor stimulation
• Travels to multiple locaton over the whole body and binds all over.

Question 17

What are stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 17

1) Adrenergic agents
2) Agonists
3) Sympatomimetics
4) Catecholamines

Question 18

What are inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system?

Answer 18

1) Antiadrenergic
2) Blockers
3) Antagonists
4) Sympatholytics

Question 19

What are stimulates of the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 19

1) Cholinergics
2) Cholinergic agonists
3) Parasympathomimetics
4) Muscarinic
5) Nicotinic
6) Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (indirect stimulation)

Question 20

What are inhibitors of the parasympathetic nervous system?

Answer 20

1) Anticholinergics
2) Blockers
3) Parasympatholytics
4) Antimuscarinic