6.1 Functional Groups and Biomolecules Flashcards
Which is polar, nonpolar, negatively charged, or positively charged?
1. hydroxyl
2. carbonyl
3. carboxyl
4. amino
5. sulfhydryl
6. phosphate
7. methyl
- hydroxyl: polar
- carbonyl: polar
- carboxyl: negative
- amino: positive
- sulfhydryl: polar
- phosphate: negative
- methyl: nonpolar
What is an isomer?
molecules with the same molecular formulas but different arrangement (structures)
What is a monomer?
a molecule that can react with other molecules to form very large molecules (polymers)
What is a polymer?
a molecule formed by a large number of similar units bonded together
What happens during a dehydration synthesis reaction?
a polymer is formed by taking the H2O out, one monomer contributes H and the other the OH
What happens during a hydrolysis reaction?
H2O is used to break down polymers
Why is carbon a versatile building block for organic molecules?
carbon’s ability to form up to four covalent bonds means chains and rings of carbon can form
True or False?
Polymers form monomers.
False.
Monomers form polymers.
True or False?
Water molecules must be already present during hydrolysis.
True.
