10.4 Errors in Meiosis

Question 1

What is non-disjunction?

Answer 1

when chromosomes don’t separate properly

Question 2

When can non-disjunction occur?

Answer 2

during meiosis I and meiosis II

Question 3

What are the two types of zygotes that non-disjuction can result in?

Answer 3

trisomy: diploid cells that have 3 copies, or monosomy: cells that are missing a copy of a chromosome

Question 4

What is the X-chromosome inactivation?

Answer 4

In a cell, when there are multiple X chromosomes, all but one of them are inactivated and turned into barr bodies.

Question 5

What are the four types of chromosomal abnormalities?

Answer 5

deletion, duplication, inversion, and translocation

Question 6

What does deletion result in?

Answer 6

missing a version, might not make enough of the proteins

Question 7

What does duplication result in?

Answer 7

an extra copy of the genes, might make too much of the proteins

Question 8

What does inversion result in?

Answer 8

it depends on which sections are inverted, and the individual might have fertility problems due to the difficulties while pairing with its homologous chromosome

Question 9

What does transolcation result in?

Answer 9

it depends on which chromatids are passed on to the gametes, and could make too little and too much of a protein or have no abnormality at all