Chapter 26 Soft-Tissue Injuries Flashcards
Abrasion
Loss or damage of the superficial layer of skin as a result of a body part rubbing or scraping across a rough or hard surface
Amputation
An injury in which part of the body is completely severed
Avulsion
An injury in which soft tissue is torn completely loose or is hanging as a flap
Burns
Injuries in which soft tissue damage occurs as a result of thermal heat, frictional heat, toxic chemicals, electricity, or nuclear radiation
Closed injuries
Injuries in which damage occurs beneath the skin or mucous membranes but the surface of the skin remains in tact
Compartment syndrome
Swelling in a confined space that produces dangerous pressure; may cut off blood flow or damage sensitive tissue
Contact burn
A burn caused by direct contact with a hot object
Contamination
The presence of infective organisms or foreign bodies such as dirt, gravel, or metal
Contusion
A bruise from an injury that causes bleeding beneath the skin without breaking the skin
Crush syndrome
Significant metabolic derangement that develops when crushed extremities or body parts remain trapped for prolonged periods. This can lead to renal failure and death
Crushing injury
An injury that occurs when a great amount of force is applied to the body
Dermis
The inner layer of skin, containing hair follicles, sweat glands, nerve endings, and blood vessels
Ecchymosis
Discoloration associated with a closed wound; signifies bleeding
Epidermis
The outer layer of skin that acts as a watertight protective covering
Evisceration
Displacement of organs outside the body
Excited delirium
A serious behavioral condition in which a person exhibits agitated behavior combined with disorientation, hallucinations, or delusions; also called agitated delirium or exhaustive mania
Facia
The fiber like connective tissue that covers arteries, veins, tendons, and ligaments
Flame burn
A burn caused by an open flame
Flash burn
A burn caused by exposure to a very intense heat, such as an explosion
Full thickness (the 3rd°) burn
Burns that affect all skin layers and may affect the subcutaneous layer’s, muscle, bone, and internal organs, leaving the area dry, leathery, and white, dark brown, or chard
Hematoma
Blood collected within the body’s tissues or in a body cavity
Impaled object’s
Objects that penetrate the skin but remain in place
Incision
A sharp, smooth cut in the skin
Laceration
A deep, jagged cut in the skin
Mucous membranes
The linings of body cavities and passages that are in direct contact with the outside environment
Occlusive dressings
Dressings made of petroleum (Vaseline) gauze, aluminum foil, or plastic that prevent air and liquids from entering or exiting a wound
Open injuries
Injuries in which there is a break in the surface of the skin or the mucous membrane, exposing deeper tissue to potential contamination
Partial thickness (2nd°) he burns
Burns that affect the epidermis and some portion of the dermis but not the subcutaneous tissue, characterized by blisters and the skin that is white to read, moist, and mottled
Penetrating wound
An injury resulting from a sharp, piercing object
Rabid
Infected with rabies
Rule of nines
A system that assigns percentages to sections of the body, allowing calculation of the amount of skin surface involved in the burn area
Scald burn
A burn caused by hot liquids
Steam burn
A burn caused by exposure to hot steam
Superficial ( 1st° ) burns
Burns that affect only the epidermis, characterized by skin that is red but not blistered or actually burned through
Thermal burns
Burns caused by heat
