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PSYC3310 > 6 THE SELF > Flashcards

6 THE SELF Flashcards

1
Q

the way one views/evaluates one’s own particular traits/attitudes/abilities/roles

A

SELF-CONCEPT

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2
Q

YOUNG CHILDREN: SELF-CONCEPT = based on ___ ___ + ___

A

PHYSICAL TRAITS + BHVR

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3
Q

W INCR SELF-AWARENESS: older children add on __ __ + __ __ to their SELF-CONCEPT

A

PSYCH TRAITS + SOCIAL STATUS

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4
Q

W MORE COMPLEX SELF AWARENESS: ados add on ___ + ___ to their SELF-CONCEPT

A

ABSTRACTIONS + CONTRADICTIONS

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5
Q
  1. CONTEXT
  2. POSSIBILITY
  3. IMPRESSIONS
  4. PERSONALITY
A

4 THINGS THAT MATTER IN SELF-CONCEPTIONS

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6
Q

person’s perception of the self as it IS (contrasted w POSSIBLE SELF)

A

ACTUAL SELF

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7
Q

person’s conception of self as it POTENTIALLY MAY BE (includes IDEAL + FEARED SELVES)

A

POSSIBLE SELF

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8
Q

self an ado would LIKE TO BE

A

IDEAL SELF

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9
Q

self a person imagines is POSSIBLE to become but DREADS becoming

A

FEARED SELF

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10
Q

ados may become aware of ___ btwn ACTUAL + IDEAL SELF which can results in feelings of FAILURE/INADEQUACY/DEPRESSION

A

DISCREPANCY

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11
Q

awareness of ACTUAL/POSSIBLE SELVES provides ado w ___ to strive toward IDEAL SELF + avoid becoming FEARED SELF

A

MOTIVATION

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12
Q

self a person may present to others while realizing that it does nOT represent wat he/she = ACTUALLY thinking/feelings

A

FALSE SELF

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13
Q

enduring personal characteristics of indivs

A

PERSONALITY

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14
Q
  1. OPENNESS TO EXPERIENCE
  2. CONSCIENTIOUSNESS
  3. EXTRAVERSION
  4. AGREEABLENESS
  5. NEUROTICISM
A

BIG 5 FACTORS (CORE PERSONALITY TRAITS)

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15
Q

personality type characterized by IMAGINATION + INSIGHT

A

OPENNESS TO EXPERIENCE

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16
Q

personality type characterized by tendency to show SELF-DISCIPLINE/HIGH levels of thoughtfulness/good impulse control/goal-directed bhvrs

A

CONSCIENTIOUSNESS

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17
Q

personality type characterized by tendency to seek out SOCIAL STIMULATION + opps to engage w others

A

EXTRAVERSION

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18
Q

personality type characterized by trust/kindness/affection/prosocial bhvr

A

AGREEABLENESS

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19
Q

personality type characterized by anxiety/irritability/moodiness

A

NEUROTICISM

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20
Q

___ = BEST PREDICTOR of:
- HIGHER quality friendships
- BETTER acceptance by peers
- academic ACHIEVEMENT for ados

A

CONSCIENTIOUSNESS

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21
Q

CONSCIENTIOUSNESS + AGREEABLENESS ___ in EARLY ADO + ___ again in LATE ADO/EA

A

DECR; INCR

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22
Q

overall sense of person’s WORTH/WELL-BEING

A

SELF-ESTEEM

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23
Q
  1. greater peer-orientation
  2. greater self-consciousness abt evaluations by peers
    - peers potentially harsh evaluations
A

3 THINGS THAT DECLINE SELF-ESTEEM IN EARLY ADO

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24
Q

LATE ADO/EA: SELF-ESTEEM ___ as peer evaluations become LESS important

A

INCR

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25
Q

person’s stable, enduring sense of worth/wellbeing

A

BASELINE SELF-ESTEEM

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26
Q

fluctuating sense of worth/wellbeing pop has as they respond to diff thoughts/feelings/experiences/ interactions

A

BAROMETRIC SELF-ESTEEM

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27
Q
  1. SCHOLASTIC COMPETENCE
  2. SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE
  3. ATHLETIC COMPETENCE
  4. PHYSICAL APPEARANCE
  5. JOB COMPETENCE
  6. ROMANTIC APPEAL
  7. BHVRL CONDUCT
  8. CLOSE FRIENDSHIP
A

8 DOMAINS OF SELF-ESTEEM (SUSAN HARTER)

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28
Q
  1. SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE FROM PEERS
  2. SATISFACTION W PHYSICAL APPEARANCE/BODY IMAGE
A

2 MOST IMPORTANT SOURCES OF SELF-ESTEEM IN ADO

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29
Q

ado girls = MORE likely to emphasize __ __ as basis for SELF-ESTEEM

A

PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

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30
Q

ado boys have generally ___ levels of SE than girls

A

HIGHER

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31
Q
  • parents provide LOVE/ENCOURAGEMENT
  • peers are SUPPORTIVE
  • teachers give ados knowledge/skills needed to feel COMPETENT in what they’re trying to achieve
A

CAUSES FOR HIGH SELF-ESTEEM

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32
Q
  • parents = DENIGRATING/INDIFFERENT
  • peers RIDICULE/TEASE
A

CAUSES FOR LOW SELF-ESTEEM

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33
Q

__ SELF-ESTEEM in fam/school domains + ___ SELF-ESTEEM in peer relationships = assoc w RISK BHVRS

A

LOW; HIGH

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34
Q

when SELF-ESTEEM = too HIGH + causes an ARROGANT/GRANDIOSE/UNWARRANTED sense of SUPERIORITY over others

A

INFLATED SELF-ESTEEM

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35
Q
  1. biological changes
  2. cog changes
  3. number of personal/life transitions
A

3 THINGS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO EMOTIONAL VOLATILITY

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36
Q

pt of brain for EMOTIONS

A

AMYGDALA

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37
Q

pt of brain for REASONING/PLANNING

A

FRONTAL LOBES

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38
Q
  1. SOCIAL LONELINESS
  2. EMOTIONAL LONELINESS
A

2 TYPES OF LONELINESS

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39
Q

type of loneliness that occurs when ppl feel they LACK sufficient number of SOCIAL CONTACTS/RELATIONSHIPS

A

SOCIAL LONELINESS

40
Q

type of loneliness that occurs when ppl feel that the relationship they have LACKS sufficient CLOSENESS/INTIMACY

A

EMOTIONAL LONELINESS

40
Q

EMERGING ADULTHOOD = period when time spent alone especially ___

A

HIGH

41
Q

indiv’s perceptions of:
- their characteristics
- their abilities/beliefs
- their values/relations w others
- how their lives fit into world around them

A

IDENTITY

42
Q

aspects of self that give us sense of UNIQUENESS/INDIVIDUALITY/SAMENESS/BELONGING

A

SELF-IDENTITY

43
Q
  • career choice
  • rlgs/moral identity
  • political identity
  • social/gender roles
A

THINGS THAT ADO SELF-IDENTITY INFLUENCES

44
Q

one of most influential scholars on ado devmt/identity issues who came up w PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY OF HUMAN DEVMT

A

ERIK ERIKSON

45
Q

theory that devmt occurs thru 8 stages + each stage of life = characterized by a distinct DEVMTL ISSUE/CRISIS that must be OVERCOME to have HEALTHY devmt

A

PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY

46
Q

most important stage of PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY for ADO

A

IDENTITY VS ROLE CONFUSION

47
Q

most important stage of PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY for EA

A

INTIMACY VS ISOLATION

48
Q

IDENTITY ROLE VS CONFUSION stage = important for 12-18 age group bc primary goal during this period to establish beginnings of ___ ___-___

A

ADULT SELF-IDENTITY

49
Q

INTIMACY VS ISOLATION stage = important for 19-25 age group bc primary goal during this period = to develop ___ ___

A

INTIMATE RELATIONSHIPS

50
Q
  1. IDENTIFICATIONS
  2. PSYCHOSOCIAL MORATORIUM
A

2 KEY PROCESSES THAT CONTRIBUTE TO IDENTITY FORMATION

51
Q

relationships formed w others (esp in childhood) in which LOVE for another person leads sent o want to BE LIKE that person

A

IDENTIFICATIONS

52
Q

period during ado when adult responsibilities = POSTPONED as young ppl try on various possible selves

A

PSYCHOSOCIAL MORATORIUM

53
Q
  1. LOVE
  2. WORK
  3. IDEOLOGY
A

3 PRINCIPLE AREAS OF IDENTITY FORMATION FOR ADOS/EMERGING ADULTS

54
Q

___ = part of identity formation bc during process u get clearer sense of self thru intimate interactions

A

LOVE

55
Q

___ = part of identity formation bc trying out various jobs/majors helps give clearer sense of wat u enjoy/wat ur good at

A

WORK

56
Q

___ = part of identity formation bc trying out rlgs/political beliefs by learning abt/participants in them clarify how u wish to live

A

IDEOLOGY

57
Q

LOVE/WORK/IDEOLOGY = identity characteristics in ___ societies in which INDIV CHOICE = supported

A

INDIVIDUALISTIC

58
Q

identity based on wat a person has seen as portrayed as MOST UNDESIRABLE/DANGEROUS

A

NEGATIVE IDENTITY

59
Q
  1. EXPLORATION
  2. COMMITMENT
A

2 PHASES OF PROCESS OF DEVELOPING SELF-IDENTITY

60
Q

phase of developing SELF-IDENTITY in which ado:
- confronts aspects of self they may value/not value
- explores possibilities that this self-identity offers
- self- identity = UNSTABLE
- may be uncertain (IDENTITY CRISIS)

A

EXPLORATION

61
Q

phase of developing SELF-IDENTITY in which ado:
- has come to tentative conclusions abt who they are
- has RESOLVED some uncertainty
- is now in better position to choose goals/make plans for future

A

COMMITMENT

62
Q

intense period of struggle that ados may experience while forming identity

A

IDENTITY CRISIS

63
Q

approach to conceptualizing/research IDENTITY devmt that classifies ppl into 1 of 4 IDENTITY CATEGORIES

A

IDENTITY STATUS MODEL

64
Q
  1. IDENTITY CONFUSION
  2. IDENTITY MORATORIUM
  3. IDENTITY FORECLOSURE
  4. IDENTITY ACHIEVEMENT
A

3 IDENTITY CATEGORY STATUSES

65
Q

IDENTITY CATEGORY:
- NO EXPLORATION
- NO COMMITMENT

A

IDENTITY DIFFUSION

66
Q

joey finished high school but he lives in his parents’ basement w NO DESIRE to work/further education to get on w his life

A

EXAMPLE OF IDENTITY DIFFUSION

67
Q

IDENTITY CATEGORY:
- YES EXPLORATION
- NO COMMITMENT

A

IDENTITY MORATORIUM

68
Q

Alison has changed her uni major multiple times without committing to going in any one direction

A

EXAMPLE OF IDENTITY MORATORIUM

69
Q

IDENTITY CATEGORY:
- NO EXPLORATION
- YES COMMITMENT

A

IDENTITY FORECLOSURE

70
Q

Shaun has let his parents determine his career direction rather than thinking/acting to explore + make his own decision

A

EXAMPLE OF IDENTITY FORECLOSURE

71
Q

IDENTITY CATEGORY:
- YES EXPLORATION
- YES COMMITMENT

A

IDENTITY ACHIEVEMENT

72
Q

Polly decides that she potentially wants to pursue a career in sciences, probably in engineering but she is open to architecture bc many of same skills from eng apply to arch

A

EXAMPLE OF IDENTITY ACHIEVEMENT

73
Q

IDENTITY ___/___ statuses = related to FAVOURABLE aspects of devmt + IDENTITY ___/___ statuses = related to LESS FAVOURABLE aspects of devmt

A

ACHIEVEMENT/MORATORIUM; DIFFUSION/FORECLOSURE

74
Q

IDENTITY ___ = only reached in EMERGING ADULTHOOD

A

ACHIEVEMENT

75
Q

sense of identity = determined largely by the choices/commitments made regarding certain personal/social traits

A

CORE IDEA OF IDENTITY STATUS MODEL

76
Q
  1. sexual orientation
  2. set of values/ideals
  3. vocational direction
A

3 THINGS INVOLVED IN IDENTITY

77
Q
  • identity stages = LESS PREDICTABLE than theory suggests
  • identity = much LESS STABLE.UNITARY than ERIKSON’S model
  • identity devmt does NOT proceed thru predictable set of stages
  • identity = NOT formed by end of emerging adulthood
A

CRITIQUES OF IDENTITY THEORY

78
Q

conception of identity as COMPLEX + as HIGHLY VARIABLE across contexts/time

A

POSTMODERN IDENTITY

79
Q

ERIKSON’S PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVMT MDOEL = critiqued for being biased toward ___ devmt

A

MALE

80
Q

central issue of young adulthood in which persons facing alternatives btwn COMMITTING selves to another person in INTIMATE relationship or become ISOLATED as consequence of inability to form an enduring intimate relationship

A

INTIMACY VS ISOLATION

81
Q

TRADITIONALLY: females have developed IDENTITY + INTIMACY ___ + males have developed them ___ (IDENTITY before INTIMACY)

A

SIMULTAENOUSLY; SEQUENTIALLY

82
Q

WESTER CULTURES: ___ gender diffs in IDENTITY/INTIMACY patterns

A

NO

83
Q

young ppl develop COMPLEX identities w elements from culture + global influences as a result of ___

A

GLOBALIZATION

84
Q
  1. BICULTURAL
  2. ASSIMILATED
  3. SEPARATED
  4. MARGINAL
A

4 POSSIBLE ETHNIC IDENTITY STATUSES

85
Q

IDENTITY STATUS:
- HIGH IDENTIFICATION W ETHNIC GROUP
- HIGH IDENTIFICATION W MAJORITY CULTURE

A

BICULTURAL ETHNIC IDENTITY STATUS

86
Q

IDENTITY STATUS:
- LOW IDENTIFICATION W ETHNIC GROUP
- HIGH IDENTIFICATION W MAJORITY CULTURE

A

ASSIMILATED ETHNIC IDENTITY STATUS

87
Q

IDENTITY STATUS:
- HIGH IDENTIFICATION W ETHNIC GROUP
- LOW IDENTIFICATION W MAJORITY CULTURE

A

SEPARATE ETHNIC IDENTITY STATUS

88
Q

IDENTITY STATUS:
- LOW IDENTIFICATION W ETHNIC GROUP
- LOW IDENTIFICATION W MAJORITY CULTURE

A

MARGINAL ETHNIC IDENTITY STATUS

89
Q

ETHNIC IDENTITY STATUS in which person develops a DUAL IDENTITY: 1 based on ethnic group of origin + 1 based on majority culture

A

BICULTURAL ETHNIC IDENTITY STATUS

90
Q

ETHNIC IDENTITY STATUS in which person LEAVES BEHIND ethnic group + ADOPTS values of majority culture

A

ASSIMILATED ETHNIC IDENTITY STATUS

91
Q

ETHNIC IDENTITY STATUS in which person associates ONLY w members of ethnic group + REJECTS ways of majority culture

A

SEPARATED ETHNIC IDENTITY STATUS

92
Q

ETHNIC IDENTITY STATUS in which person REJECTS own ethnic group + also feels REJECTED by majority culture

A

MARGINAL ETHNIC IDENTITY STATUS

93
Q

ados tend to be MORE AWARE of ethnic identity when in ___ group

A

MINORITY

94
Q
  1. MORE ados develop BICULTURAL IDENTITY (could also lead to HYBRID IDENTITY
  2. INCR in MARGINALIZED IDENTITY (identity confusion) among ppl of trad cultures
A

INFLUENCE OF GLOBALIZATION ON ETHNIC IDENTITY

95
Q

INCR ___ promotes GLOBALIZATION

A

IMMIGRATION

96
Q

identity that integrates elements of various cultures

A

HYBRID IDENTITY

PSYC3310 (13 decks)

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