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PSYC3310 > 1 INTRO > Flashcards

1 INTRO Flashcards

1
Q

period of life course btwn the time PUBERTY begins + the time ADULT STATUS = approached

A

ADOLESCENCE

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2
Q

philosophers who believed youth until age 14:
- COULD NOT reason/make rational choices
- had no point in beginning education
- should learn sports/music

A

PLATO + ARISTOTLE

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3
Q

dude who thought reasoning BEGINS in ADO + that before that time, children should be free to EXPLORE THE WORLD w/o being subject to formal education

A

JEAN-JACQUES ROUSSEAU

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4
Q

era when children + adolescents = viewed as MINI ADULTS (ados = not separate from children)

A

MIDDLE AGES (1500-1800)

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5
Q

period in late teens/20s during which ppl from 16th-19th c engaged in DOMESTIC SERVICE/FARM SERVIE/APPRENTICESHIPS in various trades + crafts

A

LIFE-CYCLE SERVICE

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6
Q

time period when:
- large number of North American youth moved from RURUAL TO URBAN area
- rise of MIDDLE CLASS
- LIFE-CYCLE SERVICE faded
- teens experienced crime/premarital sex/high birth rates/alc abuse

A

18th-19th c

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7
Q

father of adolescence who thought ado = a time of STORM + STRESS

A

G STANLEY HALL

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8
Q

theory promoted by G STANLEY HALL asserting that ado = a time of:
- MOOD DISRUPTIONS
- CONFLICT W PARENTS
- ANTISOCIAL BHVR

A

STORM + STRESS

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9
Q

now-discredited theory that development of each individual RECAPS the evolutionary devmt of the human species as a whole

A

RECAPITULATION

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10
Q

girl’s 1st period (around age 15)

A

MENARCHE (20TH C)

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11
Q

AGE OF THE MENARCHE NOW

A

12.5 YEARS OLD

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12
Q

anthropologist lady who studied ados on land of Samoa

A

MARGARET MEAD

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13
Q
  1. laws restricting child labour
  2. new reqs for children to attend HS
  3. devmt of field of ado as area of scholarly study
A

3 KEY CHANGES DURING AGE OF ADO

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14
Q

1890-1920

A

AGE OF ADO

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15
Q
  1. poverty
  2. sexual abuse
  3. substance abuse
  4. suicide
  5. learning disabilities
  6. depression
  7. EDs
  8. risky bhvrs
  9. violence
A

RISK FACTORS THAT HINDER SUCCESSFUL PATH TOT ADULTHOOD

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16
Q

generalizations that reflect assumes abt a group of ppl/beliefs that every member of the group has same characteristics

A

STEREOTYPE

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17
Q

idea that all males/females = same despite evidence to contrary/indiv diffs

A

GENDER STEREOTYPING

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18
Q

developmental transition period(s) btwn childhood/adulthood

A

ADO + EMERGING ADULTHOOD

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19
Q

in trad cultures, end of childhood = marked by ___

A

SPECIFIC RITES OF PASSAGE SUCH AS MARRIAGE

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20
Q

purpose of rites of passage at end of childhood in trad cultures

A

TO INTEGRATE ADOS INTO CULTURES/ROLES

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21
Q

trad cultures value ___ + western cultures value ___

A

INTERDEPENDENCE; INDEPENDENCE

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22
Q

web of commitments/attachments/obligations that exist in some human groups

A

INTERDEPENDENCE

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23
Q

period of human devmt from age 10-14 characterized by PUBERTY/BIO CHANGES

A

EARLY ADO

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24
Q

transformation of children into physically/sexually mature adults that preps body for sexual reproduction

A

PUBERTY

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25
Q

period of human devmt from age 15-18 characterized by PSYCH/SOCIAL CHANGES

A

LATE ADO

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26
Q

period from roughly 18-25 in INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES during which young ppl become MORE INDEPENDENT from parents + explore various life possibilites before making enduring commitments

A

EMERGING ADULTHOOD

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27
Q
  1. IDENTITY EXPLORATION
  2. INSTABILITY
  3. SELF-FOCUS
  4. FEELING IN BTWN
  5. POSSIBILITIES/OPTIMISM
A

5 CHARACTERISTICS OF EMERGING ADULTHOOD

28
Q

EA CHARACTERISTIC in which ppl try various possibilities in love/work + come to understand who they are + wat they value/believe

A

IDENTITIY EXPLORATION

29
Q

EA CHARACTERISTIC in which ppl move for education/work opps/love relationships + move out of parents home

A

INSTABILITY

30
Q

EA CHARACTERISTIC in which ppl attend to SELF before taking on resps of MARRIAGE/KIDS, have FEW obligations/duties/commitments w app to develop knowledge/skills fo INDEPENDENCE

A

SELF-FOCUS

31
Q

EA CHARACTERISTIC in which ppl have AMBIGUOUS sense that they are NOT quite adult yet but NOT quite ado either

A

FEELING IN-BTWN

32
Q

EA CHARACTERISTIC in which ppl recognize sense of DIRECTION they will take in like still remains OPEN + they are OPTIMISTIC (but still uncertain)

A

POSSIBILITIES/OPTIMISM

33
Q
  1. accepting responsibility for oneself
  2. making independent decisions
  3. becoming financially independent
A

3 MOST COMMON CROSS-CULTURE MARKERS OF ADULTHOOD

34
Q

cultural belief system that emphasizes desirability of INDEPENDENCE/SELF-SUFFICIENCY/SELF-EXPRESSION

A

INDIVIDUALISM

35
Q

set of beliefs asserting that its important for persons to MUTE INDIV DESIRES in order to contribute to well-being/success of the GROUP

A

COLLECTIVISM

36
Q
  1. BIO THEORIES
  2. COG THEORIES
  3. SOCIO-CULTURAL THEORIES
A

3 KINDS OF THEORIES IN SOCIAL SCIENCE

37
Q

theories that focus on BIO explanations for bhvr

A

BIO THEORIES

38
Q

EX: explanation for ado aggression might be based on changes in hormone level at puberty

A

BIO THEORY EXAMPLE

39
Q

theories that focus on THINKING PROCESSES

A

COG THEORIES

40
Q

EX: explanation for ado aggression might suggest that teens’ mind has NOT developed to point where they understand diffs btwn right/wrong

A

COG THEORY EXAMPLE

41
Q

theories that focus on SOCIAL INTERACTION + INFLUENCE OF SOCIETY

A

SOCIAL-CULTURAL THEORIES

42
Q

EX: explanation for ado aggression might be bc of NEGATIVE INFLUENCE of PEER PRESSURE

A

SOCIAL-CULTURAL THEORY EXAMPLE

43
Q

systematic way fo findings answers to questions/probs that includes studs of sapling/procedure measures

A

SCIENTIFIC METHOD

44
Q

type of sample that accurately represents the pop of interest

A

REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE

45
Q

characteristic of a sample that refers to degree to which findings based on sample can be used to make ACCURATE statements abt the pop of interest

A

GENERALIZABLE

46
Q
  1. identify research Q u want to answer
  2. form hyp to test
  3. choose research method + design
  4. collect data needed to test hyp
  5. draw conclusions
A

5 KEY STEPS OF SCIENTIFIC METHOD

47
Q

research in which researchers spend considerable amt of time among ppl they wish to study

A

ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH

48
Q

research method that involves OBSVING ppl + recording their bhvr either on video or written records (in natural envmt)

A

OBSVTNS

49
Q

ADV: OBSVTNS involve actual bhvr rather than SELF-REPORTS of bhvr

A

ADV OF OBSVTNS OVER QUESTIONNAIRES INTERVIEWS

50
Q

OBSVTNS mean ppl being observed = aware of observer which may change bhvr to be more favourable

A

DISADV OF OBSVTNS

51
Q

allows researcher to learn how ppl behave in daily lives

A

ADV OF ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH

52
Q

detailed examination of life of one person/small # of persons

A

CASE STUDIES

53
Q

ADV: detail/richness = possible when only a few ppl = being described

A

ADV OF CASE STUDIES

54
Q

research on hORMONAL FUNCTIONING, BRAIN FUNCTIONING + GENETIC basis of devmt

A

BIO MEASUREMENTS

55
Q

ADV: allow researcher to gain knowledge of how bio aspects of envmt = related to cog/social/emotional functioning
DISADV: rely on expensive equipment

A

ADV/DISADV OF BIO MEASUREMENTS

56
Q

method that entails assigning participants randomly to experimental group that received treatment + control group that does not receive treatment, then comparing 2 groups after

A

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH METHOD

57
Q

programs intended to change attitudes/bhvr of participants

A

INTERVENTIONS

58
Q

situation that occurs naturally but that provides interesting scientific info to the perceptive observer (researcher does NOT control it)

A

NATURAL EXPERIMENT

59
Q

extent to which results of a measure on one occasion = SIMILAR to results of measure on SEPARATE occasion

A

RELIABILITY

60
Q

extent to which a measure measures wat it claims to measure (truthfulness)

A

VALIDITY

61
Q

study the examines DIFF groups of indivs at 1 POINT IN TIME (most common)

A

CROSS-SECTIONAL

62
Q

ADV: quick/inexpensive
DISADV: correlations = difficult to interpret

A

ADV/DISADV OF CROSS-SECTIONAL DESIGN

63
Q

stat relationship btwn 2 varaibles (knowing one of the variables makes it possible to PREDICT the other)

A

CORRELATIONS

64
Q

study in which data = collected from SAME participants on mORE THAN ONE OCCASION

A

LONGITUDINAL DESIGN

65
Q

ADV: monitors change over time
DISADV: time/expense/attrition

A

ADV/DISADV OF LONGITUDINAL DESIGN

66
Q

use of an ethnic label in a superficial way that portrays ethnic group as LESS DIVERSE than it really is

A

ETHNIC GLOSS

67
Q

when researchers = collecting data + obstvns = biased by wat they EXPECT to find rather than wat they actually OBSV

A

OBSVER BIAS

PSYC3310 (13 decks)

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