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PSYC3310 > 1 INTRO > Flashcards

1 INTRO Flashcards

1
Q

period of life course btwn the time PUBERTY begins + the time ADULT STATUS = approached

A

ADOLESCENCE

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2
Q

philosophers who believed youth until age 14:
- COULD NOT reason/make rational choices
- had no point in beginning education
- should learn sports/music

A

PLATO + ARISTOTLE

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3
Q

dude who thought reasoning BEGINS in ADO + that before that time, children should be free to EXPLORE THE WORLD w/o being subject to formal education

A

JEAN-JACQUES ROUSSEAU

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4
Q

era when children + adolescents = viewed as MINI ADULTS (ados = not separate from children)

A

MIDDLE AGES (1500-1800)

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5
Q

period in late teens/20s during which ppl from 16th-19th c engaged in DOMESTIC SERVICE/FARM SERVIE/APPRENTICESHIPS in various trades + crafts

A

LIFE-CYCLE SERVICE

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6
Q

time period when:
- large number of North American youth moved from RURUAL TO URBAN area
- rise of MIDDLE CLASS
- LIFE-CYCLE SERVICE faded
- teens experienced crime/premarital sex/high birth rates/alc abuse

A

18th-19th c

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7
Q

father of adolescence who thought ado = a time of STORM + STRESS

A

G STANLEY HALL

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8
Q

theory promoted by G STANLEY HALL asserting that ado = a time of:
- MOOD DISRUPTIONS
- CONFLICT W PARENTS
- ANTISOCIAL BHVR

A

STORM + STRESS

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9
Q

now-discredited theory that development of each individual RECAPS the evolutionary devmt of the human species as a whole

A

RECAPITULATION

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10
Q

girl’s 1st period (around age 15)

A

MENARCHE (20TH C)

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11
Q

AGE OF THE MENARCHE NOW

A

12.5 YEARS OLD

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12
Q

anthropologist lady who studied ados on land of Samoa

A

MARGARET MEAD

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13
Q
  1. laws restricting child labour
  2. new reqs for children to attend HS
  3. devmt of field of ado as area of scholarly study
A

3 KEY CHANGES DURING AGE OF ADO

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14
Q

1890-1920

A

AGE OF ADO

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15
Q
  1. poverty
  2. sexual abuse
  3. substance abuse
  4. suicide
  5. learning disabilities
  6. depression
  7. EDs
  8. risky bhvrs
  9. violence
A

RISK FACTORS THAT HINDER SUCCESSFUL PATH TOT ADULTHOOD

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16
Q

generalizations that reflect assumes abt a group of ppl/beliefs that every member of the group has same characteristics

A

STEREOTYPE

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17
Q

idea that all males/females = same despite evidence to contrary/indiv diffs

A

GENDER STEREOTYPING

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18
Q

developmental transition period(s) btwn childhood/adulthood

A

ADO + EMERGING ADULTHOOD

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19
Q

in trad cultures, end of childhood = marked by ___

A

SPECIFIC RITES OF PASSAGE SUCH AS MARRIAGE

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20
Q

purpose of rites of passage at end of childhood in trad cultures

A

TO INTEGRATE ADOS INTO CULTURES/ROLES

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21
Q

trad cultures value ___ + western cultures value ___

A

INTERDEPENDENCE; INDEPENDENCE

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22
Q

web of commitments/attachments/obligations that exist in some human groups

A

INTERDEPENDENCE

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23
Q

period of human devmt from age 10-14 characterized by PUBERTY/BIO CHANGES

A

EARLY ADO

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24
Q

transformation of children into physically/sexually mature adults that preps body for sexual reproduction

A

PUBERTY

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25
period of human devmt from age 15-18 characterized by PSYCH/SOCIAL CHANGES
LATE ADO
26
period from roughly 18-25 in INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRIES during which young ppl become MORE INDEPENDENT from parents + explore various life possibilites before making enduring commitments
EMERGING ADULTHOOD
27
1. IDENTITY EXPLORATION 2. INSTABILITY 3. SELF-FOCUS 4. FEELING IN BTWN 5. POSSIBILITIES/OPTIMISM
5 CHARACTERISTICS OF EMERGING ADULTHOOD
28
EA CHARACTERISTIC in which ppl try various possibilities in love/work + come to understand who they are + wat they value/believe
IDENTITIY EXPLORATION
29
EA CHARACTERISTIC in which ppl move for education/work opps/love relationships + move out of parents home
INSTABILITY
30
EA CHARACTERISTIC in which ppl attend to SELF before taking on resps of MARRIAGE/KIDS, have FEW obligations/duties/commitments w app to develop knowledge/skills fo INDEPENDENCE
SELF-FOCUS
31
EA CHARACTERISTIC in which ppl have AMBIGUOUS sense that they are NOT quite adult yet but NOT quite ado either
FEELING IN-BTWN
32
EA CHARACTERISTIC in which ppl recognize sense of DIRECTION they will take in like still remains OPEN + they are OPTIMISTIC (but still uncertain)
POSSIBILITIES/OPTIMISM
33
1. accepting responsibility for oneself 2. making independent decisions 3. becoming financially independent
3 MOST COMMON CROSS-CULTURE MARKERS OF ADULTHOOD
34
cultural belief system that emphasizes desirability of INDEPENDENCE/SELF-SUFFICIENCY/SELF-EXPRESSION
INDIVIDUALISM
35
set of beliefs asserting that its important for persons to MUTE INDIV DESIRES in order to contribute to well-being/success of the GROUP
COLLECTIVISM
36
1. BIO THEORIES 2. COG THEORIES 3. SOCIO-CULTURAL THEORIES
3 KINDS OF THEORIES IN SOCIAL SCIENCE
37
theories that focus on BIO explanations for bhvr
BIO THEORIES
38
EX: explanation for ado aggression might be based on changes in hormone level at puberty
BIO THEORY EXAMPLE
39
theories that focus on THINKING PROCESSES
COG THEORIES
40
EX: explanation for ado aggression might suggest that teens' mind has NOT developed to point where they understand diffs btwn right/wrong
COG THEORY EXAMPLE
41
theories that focus on SOCIAL INTERACTION + INFLUENCE OF SOCIETY
SOCIAL-CULTURAL THEORIES
42
EX: explanation for ado aggression might be bc of NEGATIVE INFLUENCE of PEER PRESSURE
SOCIAL-CULTURAL THEORY EXAMPLE
43
systematic way fo findings answers to questions/probs that includes studs of sapling/procedure measures
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
44
type of sample that accurately represents the pop of interest
REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE
45
characteristic of a sample that refers to degree to which findings based on sample can be used to make ACCURATE statements abt the pop of interest
GENERALIZABLE
46
1. identify research Q u want to answer 2. form hyp to test 3. choose research method + design 4. collect data needed to test hyp 5. draw conclusions
5 KEY STEPS OF SCIENTIFIC METHOD
47
research in which researchers spend considerable amt of time among ppl they wish to study
ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH
48
research method that involves OBSVING ppl + recording their bhvr either on video or written records (in natural envmt)
OBSVTNS
49
ADV: OBSVTNS involve actual bhvr rather than SELF-REPORTS of bhvr
ADV OF OBSVTNS OVER QUESTIONNAIRES INTERVIEWS
50
OBSVTNS mean ppl being observed = aware of observer which may change bhvr to be more favourable
DISADV OF OBSVTNS
51
allows researcher to learn how ppl behave in daily lives
ADV OF ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH
52
detailed examination of life of one person/small # of persons
CASE STUDIES
53
ADV: detail/richness = possible when only a few ppl = being described
ADV OF CASE STUDIES
54
research on hORMONAL FUNCTIONING, BRAIN FUNCTIONING + GENETIC basis of devmt
BIO MEASUREMENTS
55
ADV: allow researcher to gain knowledge of how bio aspects of envmt = related to cog/social/emotional functioning DISADV: rely on expensive equipment
ADV/DISADV OF BIO MEASUREMENTS
56
method that entails assigning participants randomly to experimental group that received treatment + control group that does not receive treatment, then comparing 2 groups after
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH METHOD
57
programs intended to change attitudes/bhvr of participants
INTERVENTIONS
58
situation that occurs naturally but that provides interesting scientific info to the perceptive observer (researcher does NOT control it)
NATURAL EXPERIMENT
59
extent to which results of a measure on one occasion = SIMILAR to results of measure on SEPARATE occasion
RELIABILITY
60
extent to which a measure measures wat it claims to measure (truthfulness)
VALIDITY
61
study the examines DIFF groups of indivs at 1 POINT IN TIME (most common)
CROSS-SECTIONAL
62
ADV: quick/inexpensive DISADV: correlations = difficult to interpret
ADV/DISADV OF CROSS-SECTIONAL DESIGN
63
stat relationship btwn 2 varaibles (knowing one of the variables makes it possible to PREDICT the other)
CORRELATIONS
64
study in which data = collected from SAME participants on mORE THAN ONE OCCASION
LONGITUDINAL DESIGN
65
ADV: monitors change over time DISADV: time/expense/attrition
ADV/DISADV OF LONGITUDINAL DESIGN
66
use of an ethnic label in a superficial way that portrays ethnic group as LESS DIVERSE than it really is
ETHNIC GLOSS
67
when researchers = collecting data + obstvns = biased by wat they EXPECT to find rather than wat they actually OBSV
OBSVER BIAS

PSYC3310 (13 decks)

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