6 Photosynthesis Flashcards
What do all life forms need constantly to survive?
constant of energy.
What are heterotrophs, such as animals, also called?
Consumers
How do heterotrophs get their energy?
By eating other organisms (organic molecules).
Through what process do heterotrophs make energy?
Respiration
What are autotrophs, such as plants, also called?
Producers
How do autotrophs produce their own energy?
By converting sunlight into energy
What do autotrophs build from carbon dioxide (CO2)?
Organic molecules, such as carbohydrates (CHO) - primarily glucose (C6H12O6)
Through what process do autotrophs make energy and synthesize sugars?
Photosynthesis
What do heterotrophs do with the energy and organic molecules produced by autotrophs?
They consume and use them to make their own energy.
Write the chemical equation for heterotrophs making energy.
Glucose (C6H12O6) + oxygen (6O2) → carbon dioxide (6CO2) + water (6H2O) + energy (ATP
What type of reaction occurs when heterotrophs make energy, and is it exergonic or endergonic?
Oxidation, which is exergonic.
Write the chemical equation for autotrophs producing energy.
Carbon dioxide (6CO2) + water (6H2O) + light energy → glucose (C6H12O6) + oxygen (6O2).
What type of reaction occurs when autotrophs produce energy, and is it exergonic or endergonic?
Reduction, which is endergonic.
How are heterotrophs and autotrophs connected in the energy cycle?
Heterotrophs obtain energy and organic molecules from autotrophs, while autotrophs produce energy and organic molecules through sunlight.
What elements do plants need to get from the environment? (8)
- Carbon (C)
- Hydrogen (H)
- Oxygen (O)
- Nitrogen (N)
- Phosphorus (P)
- Potassium (K)
- Sulfur (S)
- Magnesium (Mg).
What organic molecules do plants produce for growth? (4)
- Carbohydrates
- proteins
- lipids
- nucleic acids
Leaves act as solar collectors, capturing sunlight.
Leaves
What is the role of leaves in plants?
Leaves act as solar collectors, capturing sunlight.
Through what structure do plants exchange gases like CO2?
Stomates
How do plants obtain water?
Through uptake from the roots.
What nutrients are absorbed by plants from the roots? (6)
- Nitrogen (N)
- Phosphorus (P)
- Potassium (K)
- Sulfur (S)
- Magnesium (Mg)
- Iron (Fe), and others.
What are the components of the chloroplast structure in plants? (4)
- Double membrane
- stroma (fluid-filled interior)
- thylakoid sacs
- grana stacks
What is contained within the thylakoid membrane? (3)
- Chlorophyll molecules
- electron transport chain
- ATP synthase
What is the function of the H+ gradient within the thylakoid sac?
To drive ATP synthase for ATP production.