6-Metabolic diseases

Question 1

What is Rickets?

Answer 1

Vitamin D deficiency during infancy causing growth retardation

Question 2

What is Osteomalacia?

Answer 2

Vitamin D deficiency in adulthood

Question 3

What is primary hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 3

primary parathyroid adenoma or hyperplasia >60 y/o, women, increase in PTH –> increase bone resorption –> increase in serum Ca

Question 4

What is secondary hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 4

secondary to chronic renal disease

• vit D activation decreases
• absorption of Ca in intestine decreases
• serum Ca decreases –> PTH increases

Question 5

Describe hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 5

stones, bones, and abdominal groans

Question 6

How does hyperparathyroidism affect the mouth?

Answer 6

enlargement of the jaws

Question 7

Rickets clinical features?

Answer 7

prominence of the costochondral junctions (rachitic rosary), bowing of the legs

Question 8

Osteomalacia clinical features?

Answer 8

weak bone, fractures, diffuse skeletal pain

Question 9

Hyperparathyroidism radiographic appearance?

Answer 9

ground class pattern, loss of lamina dura, calcifications in blood vessels

Question 10

Hyperparathyroidism clinical features?

Answer 10

kidney stones
brown tumor
duodenal ulcers