6 Chemistry Overview Flashcards
control of fire
~500,000 years ago
“only the dosage determines the poison”
Paracelso
Swiss physician and alchemist; all substances are toxic in high doses
Paracelso
first to apply scientific method
Robert Boyle
established alchemy as a legit science
Robert Boyle
established difference of component and composite
Robert Boyle
established Chemical Element
Lavoisier
established Law of Conservation of Matter
Lavoisier
“not all atoms are equal”
John Dalton
established that every element has different properties and masses
John Dalton
molecule
Amedeo Avogadro
demonstrated that under certain conditions, the same volume of gas always has the same number of molecules
Avogadro’s Law
arranged known elements and predicted properties of unknown ones
Dimitri Mendeleiv
organized elements onto a table based on the properties of atoms
Dimitri Mendeleiv
invented method of killing microorganisms called “pasteurization”
Louis Pasteur
found that molecules with identical composition might be different based on structure
Louis Pasteur
discovered that some elements emit radiation capable of impressing on photographic plates and producing flourescence
Marie Curie
discovered radium and polonium
Marie Curie
1st woman to win Nobel Prize
Marie Curie
invented bakelite
Leo Hendrick Baekeland
1st synthetic plastic
bakelite
invented nylon and neoprene
Wallace Hume Carothers
revolutionized the textile industry
Walla Hume Carothers
the difference between a drug and poison is the dosage
Paracelso
decoded the structure of DNA, molecule of life
James Watson y Francis Crick
study of matter (anything that occupies space and has mass)
Chemistry
branch of science dealing with the study of composition, structure, properties, and the changes that matter undergoes
Chemistry
substance of the physical world
matter
anything that can be tasted, touched, or smelled
matter
amount of matter in an object
mass
measure of force of gravity
weight
particles that make up matter are molecules and atoms
composition of matter
what makes up molecules?
atoms
applications of chemistry
makeup, clothes, food, transportation, gas, etc
careers in chemistry
chemist, chemical engineer, lab tech, scientific journalist/illustrator, nutritionist, forensic chemist, chemistry-related careers in academics, agriculture, etc
applying theories of physics to the study of reactions and properties in matter, like Quantum Theory and Dark Matter
physical chemistry
substances with hydrocarbons
organic chemistry
substances that are chemical combinations of elements other than carbon
inorganic chemistry
chemical processes of living organisms
biochemistry
identifying what substances are present in materials, and how much of each is present
analytical chemistry
involves biochemistry and analytical chemistry
clinical chemistry
analysis of biological materials like blood and urine
clinical chemistry
involving organic, physical, and analytical chemistry
polymer chemistry
produces polymers like nylon, polyesters, and rubber
polymer chemistry
biochemistry, analytical chemistry; manufacturing, synthesizing, and studying the effects of medicine
pharmaceutical chemistry
