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9 Chemistry > 6 Chemistry Overview > Flashcards

6 Chemistry Overview Flashcards

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1
Q

control of fire

A

~500,000 years ago

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2
Q

“only the dosage determines the poison”

A

Paracelso

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3
Q

Swiss physician and alchemist; all substances are toxic in high doses

A

Paracelso

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4
Q

first to apply scientific method

A

Robert Boyle

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5
Q

established alchemy as a legit science

A

Robert Boyle

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6
Q

established difference of component and composite

A

Robert Boyle

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7
Q

established Chemical Element

A

Lavoisier

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8
Q

established Law of Conservation of Matter

A

Lavoisier

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9
Q

“not all atoms are equal”

A

John Dalton

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10
Q

established that every element has different properties and masses

A

John Dalton

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11
Q

molecule

A

Amedeo Avogadro

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12
Q

demonstrated that under certain conditions, the same volume of gas always has the same number of molecules

A

Avogadro’s Law

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13
Q

arranged known elements and predicted properties of unknown ones

A

Dimitri Mendeleiv

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14
Q

organized elements onto a table based on the properties of atoms

A

Dimitri Mendeleiv

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15
Q

invented method of killing microorganisms called “pasteurization”

A

Louis Pasteur

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16
Q

found that molecules with identical composition might be different based on structure

A

Louis Pasteur

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17
Q

discovered that some elements emit radiation capable of impressing on photographic plates and producing flourescence

A

Marie Curie

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18
Q

discovered radium and polonium

A

Marie Curie

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19
Q

1st woman to win Nobel Prize

A

Marie Curie

20
Q

invented bakelite

A

Leo Hendrick Baekeland

21
Q

1st synthetic plastic

A

bakelite

22
Q

invented nylon and neoprene

A

Wallace Hume Carothers

23
Q

revolutionized the textile industry

A

Walla Hume Carothers

24
Q

the difference between a drug and poison is the dosage

A

Paracelso

25
Q

decoded the structure of DNA, molecule of life

A

James Watson y Francis Crick

26
Q

study of matter (anything that occupies space and has mass)

A

Chemistry

27
Q

branch of science dealing with the study of composition, structure, properties, and the changes that matter undergoes

A

Chemistry

28
Q

substance of the physical world

A

matter

29
Q

anything that can be tasted, touched, or smelled

A

matter

30
Q

amount of matter in an object

A

mass

31
Q

measure of force of gravity

A

weight

32
Q

particles that make up matter are molecules and atoms

A

composition of matter

33
Q

what makes up molecules?

A

atoms

34
Q

applications of chemistry

A

makeup, clothes, food, transportation, gas, etc

35
Q

careers in chemistry

A

chemist, chemical engineer, lab tech, scientific journalist/illustrator, nutritionist, forensic chemist, chemistry-related careers in academics, agriculture, etc

36
Q

applying theories of physics to the study of reactions and properties in matter, like Quantum Theory and Dark Matter

A

physical chemistry

37
Q

substances with hydrocarbons

A

organic chemistry

38
Q

substances that are chemical combinations of elements other than carbon

A

inorganic chemistry

39
Q

chemical processes of living organisms

A

biochemistry

40
Q

identifying what substances are present in materials, and how much of each is present

A

analytical chemistry

41
Q

involves biochemistry and analytical chemistry

A

clinical chemistry

42
Q

analysis of biological materials like blood and urine

A

clinical chemistry

43
Q

involving organic, physical, and analytical chemistry

A

polymer chemistry

44
Q

produces polymers like nylon, polyesters, and rubber

A

polymer chemistry

45
Q

biochemistry, analytical chemistry; manufacturing, synthesizing, and studying the effects of medicine

A

pharmaceutical chemistry

9 Chemistry (11 decks)

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