6 Chemistry Overview

Question 1

control of fire

Answer 1

~500,000 years ago

Question 2

“only the dosage determines the poison”

Answer 2

Paracelso

Question 3

Swiss physician and alchemist; all substances are toxic in high doses

Answer 3

Paracelso

Question 4

first to apply scientific method

Answer 4

Robert Boyle

Question 5

established alchemy as a legit science

Answer 5

Robert Boyle

Question 6

established difference of component and composite

Answer 6

Robert Boyle

Question 7

established Chemical Element

Answer 7

Lavoisier

Question 8

established Law of Conservation of Matter

Answer 8

Lavoisier

Question 9

“not all atoms are equal”

Answer 9

John Dalton

Question 10

established that every element has different properties and masses

Answer 10

John Dalton

Question 11

molecule

Answer 11

Amedeo Avogadro

Question 12

demonstrated that under certain conditions, the same volume of gas always has the same number of molecules

Answer 12

Avogadro’s Law

Question 13

arranged known elements and predicted properties of unknown ones

Answer 13

Dimitri Mendeleiv

Question 14

organized elements onto a table based on the properties of atoms

Answer 14

Dimitri Mendeleiv

Question 15

invented method of killing microorganisms called “pasteurization”

Answer 15

Louis Pasteur

Question 16

found that molecules with identical composition might be different based on structure

Answer 16

Louis Pasteur

Question 17

discovered that some elements emit radiation capable of impressing on photographic plates and producing flourescence

Answer 17

Marie Curie

Question 18

discovered radium and polonium

Answer 18

Marie Curie

Question 19

1st woman to win Nobel Prize

Answer 19

Marie Curie

Question 20

invented bakelite

Answer 20

Leo Hendrick Baekeland

Question 21

1st synthetic plastic

Answer 21

bakelite

Question 22

invented nylon and neoprene

Answer 22

Wallace Hume Carothers

Question 23

revolutionized the textile industry

Answer 23

Walla Hume Carothers

Question 24

the difference between a drug and poison is the dosage

Answer 24

Paracelso

Question 25

decoded the structure of DNA, molecule of life

Answer 25

James Watson y Francis Crick

Question 26

study of matter (anything that occupies space and has mass)

Answer 26

Chemistry

Question 27

branch of science dealing with the study of composition, structure, properties, and the changes that matter undergoes

Answer 27

Chemistry

Question 28

substance of the physical world

Answer 28

matter

Question 29

anything that can be tasted, touched, or smelled

Answer 29

matter

Question 30

amount of matter in an object

Answer 30

mass

Question 31

measure of force of gravity

Answer 31

weight

Question 32

particles that make up matter are molecules and atoms

Answer 32

composition of matter

Question 33

what makes up molecules?

Answer 33

atoms

Question 34

applications of chemistry

Answer 34

makeup, clothes, food, transportation, gas, etc

Question 35

careers in chemistry

Answer 35

chemist, chemical engineer, lab tech, scientific journalist/illustrator, nutritionist, forensic chemist, chemistry-related careers in academics, agriculture, etc

Question 36

applying theories of physics to the study of reactions and properties in matter, like Quantum Theory and Dark Matter

Answer 36

physical chemistry

Question 37

substances with hydrocarbons

Answer 37

organic chemistry

Question 38

substances that are chemical combinations of elements other than carbon

Answer 38

inorganic chemistry

Question 39

chemical processes of living organisms

Answer 39

biochemistry

Question 40

identifying what substances are present in materials, and how much of each is present

Answer 40

analytical chemistry

Question 41

involves biochemistry and analytical chemistry

Answer 41

clinical chemistry

Question 42

analysis of biological materials like blood and urine

Answer 42

clinical chemistry

Question 43

involving organic, physical, and analytical chemistry

Answer 43

polymer chemistry

Question 44

produces polymers like nylon, polyesters, and rubber

Answer 44

polymer chemistry

Question 45

biochemistry, analytical chemistry; manufacturing, synthesizing, and studying the effects of medicine

Answer 45

pharmaceutical chemistry