14 Periodic Trends

Question 1

phys and chem properties of elements can be predicted using the location of elements in the periodic table

Answer 1

periodic trends

Question 2

elements with similar valence electrons and properties are arranged in one group

Answer 2

periodic trends

Question 3

across a period

Answer 3

left to right

Question 4

within family

Answer 4

top to bottom

Question 5

depends on region of space occupied by electron (distance between nuclei of 2 bonded atoms)

Answer 5

atomic size

Question 6

distance of valence electron from nucleus; the closer it is, the smaller the atom

Answer 6

atomic size

Question 7

two definite trends in atomic size

Answer 7

• increasing number of occupied main energy levels
• increasing pull of nucleus on electrons in outermost main energy levels

Question 8

metals lose their valence electrons; they turn into cations, making them smaller

Answer 8

ionic radius

Question 9

radius of an ion

Answer 9

ionic radius

Question 10

smaller than neutral atoms which they come from

Answer 10

cations

Question 11

larger than neutral atoms which they come from

Answer 11

anions

Question 12

the closer it is to the nucleus, the harder it is to remove, because it is attracted to the protons in the nucleus

Answer 12

ionization energy

Question 13

energy required to remove electron from an atom

Answer 13

ionization energy

Question 14

as atomic size increases, ionizing energy decreases, and vice versa (inversely proportional)

Answer 14

ionization energy

Question 15

within a family, ionization energy ____ and across a period, ionization energy ____

Answer 15

decreases, increases

Question 16

within a family, atomic size _____ and across a period, atomic size ____

Answer 16

increases, decreases

Question 17

observed among metals only

Answer 17

metallic character

Question 18

simple relative measure of how easily atoms lose or give up electrons

Answer 18

metallic character

Question 19

decreases across a period

Answer 19

metallic character

Question 20

within a family, electron affinity ___ and across a period, electron affinity ______

Answer 20

decreases, increases

Question 21

amount of energy involved in “addition” of one electron to gaseous atom of the element

Answer 21

electron affinity

Question 22

energy that must be supplied to remove an electron from an anion

Answer 22

electron affinity

Question 23

as atoms become bigger, electrons are further away from the nucleus, so ionization energy and electron affinity decreases

Answer 23

electron affinity

Question 24

within a family, metallic character ______, and across a period, metallic character ____

Answer 24

increases, decreases

Question 25

ability of chem combined atoms to attract electrons to themselves

Answer 25

electronegativity

Question 26

within a family, electronegativity ____, and across a period, electronegativity _____

Answer 26

decreases, increases

Question 27

cant be magnetized

Answer 27

diamagnetic

Question 28

can be magnetized (strong or weak)

Answer 28

paramagnetic

Question 29

response of materials to external magnetic field measured in terms of magnetization

Answer 29

magnetic property