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Bio > 6. Animal Tissue > Flashcards

6. Animal Tissue Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What 2 cells form part of Emryonic tissue?

A
  • Embryonic stem cells
  • Adult stem cells
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2
Q

What 4 tissues form part of Permanent tissue?

A
  • Epithelial
  • Connective
  • Muscle
  • Nervous
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3
Q

What are Embryonic stem cells?

A

Tissues in embryos that produce all other specialised tissues during growth.

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4
Q

What are Adult stem cells?

A

Tissues in adults that produce new tissue to replace old and damaged tissues.

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5
Q

What are the 4 types of Epithelial tissue?

A
  • Squamous
  • Cuboidal
  • Columnar
  • Ciliated
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6
Q

Provide 3 functions of Squamous epithelium.

A
  • Protect underlying tissue
  • Allow gases to pass through alveoli of lungs.
  • Substances in solution to pass through capillaries.
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7
Q

Where is Squamous epithelium found?

A
  • Surface of skin
  • Lining of mouth, vagina, oesophagus, blood vessels, alveoli of lungs.
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8
Q

What is the functio of Cuboidal epithelium?

A

Secretory and absorptive

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9
Q

Where is Cuboidal epithelium found?

A

Kidney tubules and glands

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10
Q

Provide 3 functions of Columnar epithelium.

A
  • Support other cells
  • Microvilli to increase surface area for absorption.
  • Aid in absorption of food, water, vitamins and salts.
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11
Q

Where is Columnar epithelium found?

A

Lining of intestines

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12
Q

Provide 2 functions of Ciliated epithelium.

A
  • Move dust in mucus by coughing.
  • Help move ovum towards uterus in fallopian tubes.
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13
Q

Where is Ciliated epithelium found?

A

Line trachea, nasal passages and urogenital passages.

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14
Q

Name 5 things that form part of Connective tissue?

A
  • Tendons
  • Ligaments
  • Cartilage
  • Bone
  • Blood
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15
Q

Provide 2 functions of Tendons.

A
  • Connect muscle to bone
  • Prevent dislocation of bones.
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16
Q

Where is Tendon found?

A

Muscles and bones joining area.

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17
Q

Provide a function of Ligaments.

A
  • Connects bone to bone.
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18
Q

Where are Ligaments found?

A

Joints between bones

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19
Q

Give 3 functions of Cartilage.

A
  • Connect ribs to sternum
  • Gives shape to ear
  • Prevents damage between bones and joints.
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20
Q

Name 3 places where Cartilage is found?

A
  • End of bones
  • Within trachea and bronchi
  • Within pinna
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21
Q

Give 3 functions of Bone.

A
  • Gives shape to body
  • Protects internal organs
  • Muscle attachments enables movement.
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22
Q

Where is Bone found?

A

Makes up endoskeleton.

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23
Q

Give 4 functions of Blood.

A
  • Plasma
  • Red blood cells
  • White blood cells
  • Platelets
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24
Q

What does Plasma do?

A

Transport dissolved substances around body.

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25
Q

What do Red blood cells do?

A

Transport carbon dioxide and oxygen

26
Q

What do White blood cells do?

A

Produce antibodies and fight infection

27
Q

What do Platelets do?

A

Assist with blood clotting

28
Q

Where is blood found?

A

Blood vessels and cardiac chambers

29
Q

Name the 3 types of Muscle tissue.

A

Skeletal, Smooth and Cardiac

30
Q

Describe Skeletal muscle.

A
  • Unbranched fibres
  • Striated
  • Attached to bones
  • Voluntary movement
31
Q

Explain Smooth muscle.

A
  • Spindle-shaped cells
  • Unstriated
  • Digestive tract, arteries, bladder
  • Contraction of internal organs
  • Involuntary organs
32
Q

Explain Cardiac muscle

A
  • Branched fibres
  • Striated
  • Contraction of heart
  • Involuntary
33
Q

Name the 2 types of movement.

A

Voluntary and Involuntary

34
Q

What is the function of Skeletal muscle?

A

Enables voluntary movement

35
Q

Where is Skeletal muscle located?

A

Attached to bones

36
Q

What is the function of Smooth muscle?

A
  • Involuntary contractions
  • Contracts to move substances through body.
37
Q

Where is Smooth muscle located?

A
  • Blood vessels
  • Walls of digestive, respiratory, reproductive systems
38
Q

What is the function of Cardiac muscle?

A

Pumping action of heart

39
Q

Where is Cardiac muscle located?

A

Heart

40
Q

What does a Receptor do?

A

Receive signals

41
Q

What do Effectors do?

A

React to signal

42
Q

What do the Neurons do?

A

Transmit impulses

43
Q

Provide the function of the Sensory neuron.

A

Carries nerve impulses from receptor to CNS.

44
Q

Provide the function of the Interneuron.

A

Connects sensory neuron to motor neuron.

45
Q

Provide the function of the Motor neuron.

A

Carries nerve impulses from CNS to effector.

46
Q

What is a Neuron made up of?

A
  • Cell boyd (soma)
  • Dendrites
  • Axons
47
Q

What do Dendrites do?

A

Take impulse into neuron

48
Q

What do Axons do?

A

Send impulses from neuron

49
Q

Name the 3 types of neurons.

A

Unipolar, Bipolar and Multipolar

50
Q

What is a Unipolar neuron?

A

Single, elongated process, with cell body off to the side.

51
Q

What is a Bipolar neuron?

A

Two processes separated by the cell body.

52
Q

What is a Multipolar neuron?

A

Have more than 2 processes, a single axon and multiple dendrites.

53
Q

Provide the definition of Reflex action.

A

Fast, automatic response by an effector to a stimulus.

54
Q

Provide the definition of Reflec arc.

A

Pathway an impulse follows from receptor to bring about an immediate response in an effector.

55
Q

What are the 5 parts of a Reflex arc?

A

Receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector

56
Q

Provide the definition of Biotechnology.

A

Use of living organisms and their biological process to improve the quality of life.

57
Q

Provide the definition of Cloning.

A

Process whereby a genetically identical replica of a cell or entire organism is made.

58
Q

Provide the definition of Cilia.

A

Tiny, hair-like structures found on surface of columnar epithelium.

59
Q

Provide the definition of Secretion.

A

Release of useful substance

60
Q

Provide the definition Excretion.

A

Release of metabolic waste

61
Q

Provide the definition of Synapse.

A

Point at which a nervous impulse passes from 1 neuron to another.

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