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Bio > 11. Biodiversity and Classification > Flashcards

11. Biodiversity and Classification Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Provide the definition of Biodiversity.

A

Variety of living organisms

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2
Q

Name the 3 types of diversity.

A

Species, Genetic and Ecological

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3
Q

What is Specie diversity?

A

Number of species in any given area.

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4
Q

What is Genetic diversity?

A

Genetic variation within one species to allow it to adapt to changing environmental conditions.

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5
Q

What is Ecological diversity?

A

Variety of ecosystems in a geological area.

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6
Q

Name the 3 types of species.

A
  1. Alien (exotic)
  2. Indigenous
  3. Endemic
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7
Q

What are Alien species?

A

Living organisms brought to an area that doesn’t naturally occur in the area.

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8
Q

What are Indigenous species?

A

Occurs naturally in more than one area.

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9
Q

What are Endemic species?

A

Occurs in one area only

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10
Q

Name the 3 Biodiversity Hot spots in SA.

A
  • Cape Floral Kingdom
  • The Succulent Karoo
  • Maputu-Pondoland
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11
Q

Provide the definition of Taxonomy.

A

Sorting and grouping organisms with similar features.

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12
Q

What are the 2 branches in Taxonomy?

A
  • Nomenclature
  • Systematics
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13
Q

What is nomenclature classification?

A

Naming of organisms

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14
Q

What is Systemic classification?

A

Placing of organisms into groups

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15
Q

List animal classification in order.

A

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

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16
Q

What did Aristole come up with?

A

Two kingdom system of plants and animals

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17
Q

What did Carl Linnaeus come up with?

A

Binomial nomenclature

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18
Q

What did Robert Whittaker come up with?

A

Five kingdom system of Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia

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19
Q

What did Carl Woese come up with?

A

3 Domain system of Eubacteria, Archea and Eukarya

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20
Q

What is Archea?

A

Prokaryotic bacteria living in extreme conditions.

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21
Q

What are Eukaryotic cells?

A

Has membrane bound organelles and nucleus.

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22
Q

What are Prokaryotic cells?

A

No membrane bound organelles and nucleus

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23
Q

Give 3 differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

A
  • P: no true nuclei
    E: true nuclei
  • P: DNA not enclosed by nuclear membrane
    E: DNA enclosed by nuclear membrane
  • P: no true organelles
    E: true organelles
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24
Q

List the 5 Kindgom classifications.

A

Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia

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25
Q

What is the cell structure of Monera?

A

Unicellular prokaryotes

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26
Q

What is the nutrition of Monera?

A

Absorptive or photosynthetic

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27
Q

What is the movement of Monera?

A

Flagella

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28
Q

How does Monera reproduce?

A

Asexual

29
Q

Give 3 examples of Monera.

A

Bacteria, Fungi, Bacteria(blue reen algae)

30
Q

What is the cell structure of Protista?

A

Unicellular/ multicellular eukaryotes

31
Q

What is the nutrition of Protista?

A

Absorptive or photosynthetic

32
Q

What is the movement of Protista?

A

Flagella and cilia streaming

33
Q

How does Protista reproduce?

A

Asexual and Sexual

34
Q

Give 3 examples of Protista.

A

Phytoplankton, Zooplankton and Seaweed

35
Q

What is the cell structure of Fungi?

A

Multicellular, Unicellular, Chitinous cell wall

36
Q

What is the nutrition of Fungi?

A

Heterotrophic, absorptive and saprotrophic

37
Q

What is the movement of Fungi?

A

Non-motile

38
Q

How does Fungi reproduce?

A

Asexual and Sexual

39
Q

Give 2 examples of Fungi

A

Mushrooms, Yeast moulds

40
Q

What is the Cell structure of Plantae?

A

Multicellular, cellulose cell wall, presence of plastids

41
Q

What is the nutrition of Plantae?

A

Autotrophic

42
Q

What is the movement of Plantae?

A

Non-motile

43
Q

How does Plantae reproduce?

A

Asexual and Sexual

44
Q

Give 3 examples of Plantae.

A

Ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms

45
Q

What is the cell structure of Animalia?

A

Multicellular, no cell wall, no plastids

46
Q

What is the nutrition of Animalia?

A

Heterotrophic

47
Q

What is the movement of Animalia?

A

Highly motile

48
Q

How does Animalia reproduce?

A

Asexual and Sexual

49
Q

Give 3 examples of Animalia.

A

Sponges, invertebrates and vertebrates

50
Q

Name the domain of of humans.

A

Eukarya

51
Q

Name the kingdom of humans.

A

Animalia

52
Q

Name the phylum of humans.

A

Chordata

53
Q

Name the class of humans

A

Mammalia

54
Q

Name the order of humans

A

Primates

55
Q

Name the family of humans

A

Hominidae

56
Q

Name the genus of humans.

A

Homo

57
Q

Name the specie of humans

A

Homo sapiens

58
Q

Give a characteristic of Eukarya.

A

Cells with true nuclei

59
Q

Give a characteristic of Animalia.

A

Multicellular, motile, ingestion of food

60
Q

Give a characteristic of Chordata.

A

Dorsal supporting rod and nerve cord

61
Q

Give a characteristic of Mammalia.

A

Hair, mammary glands

62
Q

Give a characteristic of Primates.

A

Adapted to climb trees

63
Q

Give a characteristic of Hominidae.

A

Adapted to walk erect

64
Q

Give a characteristic of Homo.

A

Large brain, tool use

65
Q

Give a characteristic of Homo Sapiens.

A

Body proportion of modern humans

66
Q

What is naming things in science known as?

A

Nomenclature

67
Q

What is Binomial nomenclature?

A

Two word name, Genus and Species

68
Q

What is Classification keys?

A

Used to name and identify unknown plants and animals.

69
Q

What is a Diichotomous key?

A
  • Branching/Spider key
  • Numbered key

Bio (11 decks)

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