5.3 Study Guide Flashcards
What does transcription do?
Converting DNA to RNA
What does Translation do?
Converts RNA to Proteins
What are the differences between DNA and RNA?
DNA is double-stranded whereas RNA isn’t, RNA has multiple different functions, DNA has very long strands, Contains different sugars(Ribose & Deoxyribose), RNA contains uracil instead of thymine, and RNA forms many different shapes.
What are the different parts of a eukaryotic gene?
The Promoter, The Enhancer, The Exons, The Introns.
What does the promoter do?
-Start site of transcription
-Most have a TATA box to help proteins attach.
What does the Enhancer do?
-Additional binding site for transcription factors
-Transcription factors can start/stop the process.
What are Exons in a eukaryotic gene?
Sequences that will be present in the mRNA.
What are Introns in a eukaryotic gene?
Will be spliced out and removed
What are the three stages of Transcription?
1.) Initiation
2.) Elongation
3.) Termination
Splicing Process
-Editing out Introns
-Make mature mRNA transcript
-Only happens in Eukaryotic cells
Alternative Splicing Process
-Alternative mRNA produced from the same gene
-Different combination of Exons
-Different RNA sequences result in different protein structures.
What is the template strand in transcription?
The Transcribed DNA Strand
What is the coding strand in transcription?
The Untranscribed DNA Strand
What would be the Coding Strand if the Template Strand is: A T G C A A T C
T A C G T T A C
What would be the mRNA if the Template Strand is: A T G C A A T C
U A C G U U A G
