5.2 Study Guide Flashcards

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1
Q

Where does DNA replication take place in a Eukaryotic cell?

A

In the Nucleus

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2
Q

Where does DNA replication take place in a Prokaryotic cell?

A

In the Cytoplasm

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3
Q

When does DNA replication take place?

A

In interphase (Before Mitosis)

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4
Q

What are the 4(5) enzymes in DNA replication?

A

Helicase, DNA Polymerase (1 & 3), Primase, Ligase

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4
Q

What does DNA Polymerase (1 & 3) do in DNA replication?

A

“The Builder Enzyme”
3: Adds new nucleotides to build new DNA strands(only adds to existing strand)
1: Replaces the primer with real DNA to start the strand correctly.

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4
Q

What does Helicase do in DNA replication?

A

“The Unzipping Enzyme” Breaks the hydrogen bonds that hold DNA together.

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4
Q

What does Primase do in DNA replication?

A

Lays down RNA primers for DNA polymerase to start from.

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5
Q

What does Ligase do in DNA replication?

A

Attaches the fragments together, repairs breaks in the sugar-phosphate backbone

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6
Q

What are the two types of strands in DNA replication?

A

Leading strand & Lagging strand

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7
Q

What is the difference between a leading strand and a lagging strand?

A

Leading strand: Doesn’t have to stop adding
Lagging strand: Has to restart the process to continue.

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8
Q

Why is there a leading strand and a lagging strand at each replication fork?

A

The DNA Polymerase can only build from 5’ to 3’ direction, antiparallel.

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9
Q

What is the process of DNA replication?

A

Making new DNA before the cell is split.

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