5.1 The Combustion of Hydrocarbons Flashcards
combustion
A chemical reaction in which a fuel burns in oxygen to produce combustion products and often a flame.
Combustion usually occurs with a group of organic
compounds called ____________.
hydrocarbons
The products of combustion vary depending on the type of fuel and how it was _______. Common products are ________________.
burned; CO2, CO and H2O
These compounds are made up of __________. Propane C3H8 and Butane C4H10 are common examples.
hydrogen and carbon
complete combustion
Occurs when the oxygen supply is plentiful.
complete combustion products
The products will always be energy, carbon dioxide and water.
Ex. CH4(g) + 2O2(g) 🡪 CO2(g) + 2H2O(g) + Energy
Complete combustion is the ideal way to burn a fuel because it releases the ______ energy from the fuel molecules.
most
complete combustion produces the _____ (least sooty) and ________ flames (usually a blue flame).
cleanest; hottest
incomplete combustion
Occurs when the supply of oxygen is limited
when does incomplete combustion occur?
-occurs when burning a hydrocarbon in an enclosed space, such as when operating a car or
barbecue in a garage.
-usually occurs in uncontrolled or less than ideal
conditions.
Flames from incomplete combustion are often _______, yellow and _____ than flames from complete combustion.
sooty; cooler
products from an incomplete combustion
The products of an incomplete reaction can vary.
Carbon dioxide, water and energy can be produced
in the same way as complete combustion but it will
also release either carbon monoxide or soot (written as C) or both.
oxygen availability- cc vs. ic
cc- plenty of oxygen
ic- insufficient amount of oxygen
products - cc vs. ic
cc- h20, c02 and energy
ic- h20, c02, CO, C and energy
flame colour - cc vs. ic
cc- hottest flame (blue)
ic- less hot flame (yellow)
cleanliness - cc vs. ic
cc- barely any soot produced
ic- high amounts of soot produced
Hydrocarbons are molecular compounds of the elements __________
CARBON and HYDROGEN.
The combustion of hydrocarbons can be either _____________, depending on the availability of __________.
COMPLETE or INCOMPLETE; OXYGEN
Complete combustion occurs when oxygen is _______. It releases the most ______ and produces the _________ flames.
PLENTIFUL; ENERGY; CLEANEST
The general equation for the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon is:
CxHy + O2 (g) 🡪 CO2 (g) + H2O (g) + Energy
Incomplete combustion occurs when the oxygen supply is _________
LIMITED
products of incomplete combustion
The products are: SOOT (Mostly Carbon), CARBON
MONOXIDE, CARBON DIOXIDE, and WATER.
Incomplete combustion cannot be represented by a single ___________________
BALANCED chemical equation.
