3.4 Intermolecular Forces

Question 1

Intermolecular forces

Answer 1

the forces which attract molecules to each other

Question 2

These forces only exist between molecular
compounds, and are ______ than the ionic bonds of
a solid crystal or covalent bonds within a molecule

Answer 2

weaker

Question 3

The strength of the intermolecular forces between
molecules can determine:

Answer 3

Physical state at a certain temperature and pressure

Melting Point

Boiling Point

Surface tension

Hardness and texture

Solubility

Question 4

Dipole-Dipole Forces:

Answer 4

An intermolecular force of attraction that forms between the slightly positive end of one polar molecule and the slightly negative end of an adjacent polar molecule

Question 5

London Dispersion Forces:

Answer 5

A weak attractive force acting between all entities, including non-polar molecules and un-bonded atoms, caused by the temporary imbalance of electrons within entities

Question 6

London dispersion force is a ______________ (due to electron movements within an atom or molecule) forms a temporary dipole in another atom or
molecule for a fraction of a second, that then forms a temporary dipole in another and so on.

Answer 6

temporary dipole

Question 7

Van der Waals Forces:

Answer 7

The weak forces of attraction between molecules, including dipole-dipole and London Dispersion
Forces

Question 8

intermolecular force

Answer 8

An intermolecular force is an attraction between molecules.

Question 9

types of intermolecular forces

Answer 9

dipole–dipole forces

london dispersion forces

hydrogen bonds

Question 10

which force occurs between all polar molecules?

Answer 10

dipole-dipole force

Question 11

London dispersion force

Answer 11

a weak attractive force acting between all entities, including non-polar molecules and unbonded atoms, caused by the temporary imbalance of electrons within entities

Question 12

Van der Waals Forces:

Answer 12

The weak forces of attraction between
molecules, including dipole-dipole and London Dispersion Forces

Question 13

hydrogen bonding

Answer 13

An unusually strong dipole-dipole force between a
hydrogen atom attached to a highly electronegative
atom (N, O, F) and a highly electronegative atom in
another molecule

Question 14

The strength of hydrogen bonds causes water to have ______ melting and boiling points

Answer 14

high

Question 15

Hydrogen bonds move molecules into a crystalline
structure when liquid water freezes, which creates more space between molecules (in comparison to the random motion of liquids molecules), and therefore ice is ___________ than liquid water

Answer 15

less dense

Question 16

Water has high surface tension due to the strength of _____________

Answer 16

hydrogen bonds

Question 17

Surface tension is caused by ___________
between molecules (think of rain droplets on a
surface)

Answer 17

forces of attraction