1.5 The Periodic Table and Periodic Law

Question 1

Columns of elements are called

Answer 1

groups or families.

Question 2

Elements in each family have similar but not

Answer 2

identical properties.

Question 3

For example, lithium (Li), sodium (Na) and potassium (K) are all…

Answer 3

soft, white, shiny
metals

Question 4

All elements in a family have
the same

Answer 4

number of valence
electrons.

Question 5

Each horizontal row of
elements is called a

Answer 5

period

Question 6

The elements in a period are
not alike in

Answer 6

properties

Question 7

The first element in a period is always an

Answer 7

extremely active solid.

Question 8

The last element in a period, is always an

Answer 8

inactive gas.

Question 9

alkali metals

Answer 9

-solid at room temperature
-react violently with water to liberate hydrogen gas.

Question 10

They are the most reactive metals:

Answer 10

alkali metals

Question 11

Alkali metals are never found as free
elements in nature. They are always…

Answer 11

bonded with another element.

Question 12

alkaline earth metals

Answer 12

-light, very reactive metals
-react with oxygen to form oxides
-solid at room temperature

Question 13

examples of alkaline earth metals

Answer 13

magnesium
calcium

Question 14

Transition metals form ___________, variable reactivity

Answer 14

multivalent ions

Question 15

examples of transition metals

Answer 15

copper, tin, zinc, iron, nickel, gold, and silver.

Question 16

They are good conductors of heat and
electricity.

Answer 16

transition metals

Question 17

Many transition metals combine chemically with
________ to form compounds called oxides.

Answer 17

oxygen

Question 18

Can be solids, liquids, and gases at room temperature

Answer 18

halogen family

Question 19

halogens are dull, non-conductors, and
_____________

Answer 19

extremely reactive

Question 20

elements in the halogen family

Answer 20

The elements in this family are fluorine, chlorine,
bromine, iodine, and astatine.

Question 21

___________ are colorless gases that
are extremely unreactive (inert).

Answer 21

noble gases

Question 22

All the noble gases are found in small
amounts in the

Answer 22

earth’s atmosphere.

Question 23

noble gases

Answer 23

-gases at room temperature
-low melting and boiling points

Question 24

rare earth metals

Answer 24

The thirty rare earth elements are composed of
the lanthanide (57-70) and actinide (89-102)
series.

Question 25

One element of the lanthanide series and
most of the elements of the actinide series are
called __________, which means __________

Answer 25

trans-uranium; synthetic or
man-made.

Question 26

periodic law:

A rule, developed from many observations, stating
that when the elements are arranged in order of
increasing ____________, their properties show a
____________ and ______________.

Answer 26

atomic number; periodic recurrence; gradual change

Question 27

A Lewis Symbol is a representation of an element
consisting of the chemical symbol and dots to
represent the…

Answer 27

valence electrons