5.1 defence mechanisms Flashcards
1
Q
what are the 2 types of white blood cells?
A
- B cells
- T cells
2
Q
what can the immune system identify?
A
- pathogens
- cells from other organisms of the same species
- abnormal body cells
- toxins
3
Q
how can the immune system identify non- self?
A
non- self have specific molecules on its surface to identify it
4
Q
what are T cells involved in?
A
cell- mediated immunity
5
Q
what are B cells involved in?
A
humoral immunity
6
Q
what are non- self material?
A
cells from other organisms of the same species
7
Q
how do lymphocytes recognise cells belonging to the body in the fetus?
A
- lymphocytes that fit those of the body’s own cells die (apoptosis) or are suppressed
- only non- self complementary lymphocytes are left
8
Q
how do lymphocytes recognise cells belonging to the body in adults?
A
- lymphocytes produced in the bone marrow only encounter self- antigens and undergo apoptosis
- only non- self complementary lymphocytes are left
- no clones of these anti-self lymphocytes will appear in the blood
9
Q
what is a non- specific response?
A
response is immediate and the same for all pathogens
10
Q
what is a specific response?
A
response is slower and specific to each pathogen