3.4 eukaryotic cell structure (DO EVERYDAY) Flashcards
1
Q
Nucleus
A
- Control centre through production of mRNA and tRNA
- Retain DNA and chromosomes
- Manufacture RNA and ribosomes
2
Q
Mitochondria
A
- aerobic respiration
2. Release ATP
3
Q
Chloroplasts
A
- Absorbs sunlight
- Carry out photosynthesis
- To produce carbohydrates
4
Q
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
A
- Provide a large surface area for the synthesis of proteins and glycoproteins
- transport materials (proteins) through the cell
5
Q
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
A
- Synthesise, store and transport lipids
2. Synthesise, store and transport carbohydrates
6
Q
Golgi apparatus
A
- Formation of glycoproteins and lysosomes
- Transport, modify and store lipids
- Secrete carbohydrates
- Produce secretory enzymes
7
Q
Lysosomes
A
- Hydrolyse material ingested by phagocytic cells
- Exocytosis in order to destroy material around the cell
- Digest worn out organelles
- Autolysis
8
Q
Ribosome
A
Protein synthesis
9
Q
Cellulose cell wall
A
- Provide strength so no osmotic lysis
- Provide strength as a whole
- Allow water to pass along it
10
Q
Vacuole
A
- Support by making cells turgid
- Sugars and amino acids may act as a temporary food source
- Pigment may colour petals to attract pollinating insects
11
Q
what do ribosomes contain?
A
ribosomal RNA and protein
12
Q
where do you find 70s ribosomes?
A
prokaryotic cells
13
Q
where do you find 80s ribosomes?
A
eukaryotic cells
14
Q
what are lysosomes abundant in?
A
secretory enzymes
15
Q
what is the diameter of the nucleus?
A
10- 20 micrometres
