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bio: section 2 > 3.6 prokaryotic cells and viruses > Flashcards

3.6 prokaryotic cells and viruses Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

role of the cell wall in the bacterial cell

A
  • physical barrier that excludes certain substances

- protects against mechanical damage and osmotic lysis

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2
Q

role of the capsule in the bacterial cell

A
  • protects bacterium from other cells

- helps groups of bacteria to stick together for further protection

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3
Q

role of the cell surface membrane in the bacterial cell

A

acts as a differentially permeable layer, which controls the entry and exit of chemicals

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4
Q

role of the circular DNA in the bacterial cell

A

posses the genetic information for the replication of bacterial cells

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5
Q

role of plasmids in a bacterial cell

A

possesses genes that may aid the survival of bacteria in adverse conditions

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6
Q

compare the nucleus of prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells

A
  • prokaryotic -> no true nucleus

- eukaryotic -> distinct nucleus

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7
Q

compare the DNA in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells

A
  • prokaryotic -> DNA is not associated with histones

- eukaryotic -> DNA is associated with histones

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8
Q

compare the presence of plasmids in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells

A
  • prokaryotic -> plasmids present

- eukaryotic -> no plasmids

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9
Q

compare the presence of membrane- bounded organelles in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells

A
  • prokaryotic -> no membrane bounded organelles

- eukaryotic -> membrane bounded organelles

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10
Q

compare the presence of chloroplast in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells

A
  • prokaryotic -> no chloroplasts

- eukaryotic -> chloroplasts

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11
Q

compare the size of ribosomes in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells

A
  • prokaryotic ->smaller (70s)

- eukaryotic -> larger (80s)

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12
Q

compare the cells walls materials in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells

A
  • prokaryotic -> made of murein

- eukaryotic -> made of cellulose (if cell wall present) or chitin in fungi

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13
Q

compare the presence of capsules in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells

A
  • prokaryotic -> capsule

- eukaryotic -> no capsule

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14
Q

draw the structure of a bacterial cell

A

page 76

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15
Q

draw the structure of HIV

A

page 76

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16
Q

why are viruses described as acellular?

A

not made up of cells

17
Q

are viruses living?

A

no

18
Q

how big are viruses?

A

20- 300nm

19
Q

how do viruses multiply?

A

inside other cells

20
Q

what biological molecule is a capsid made up of?

A

protein

bio: section 2 (20 decks)

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