5.0 Project Scope Management

Question 1

A planning heuristic for creating the WBS. The rule states that the work package in a WBS must take no more than 80 hours of labor to create and no fewer than 8 hours of labor to create

Answer 1

8/80 rule

Question 2

The observer interacts with the worker to ask questions and understand each step of the work being completed. In some instances, the observer could serve as an assistant in doing the work.

Answer 2

Active observation

Question 3

When stakeholders create a large number of ideas, you can use an affinity diagram to cluster similar ideas together for further analysis

Answer 3

affinity diagrams

Question 4

A scope definition process of finding alternative solutions for the project customer while consindering the customer’s satisfaction, the cost of the solution, and how the customer may use the product in operations.

Answer 4

Alternatives generation

Question 5

A decision method where only one individual makes the decision for the group.

Answer 5

Autocratic

Question 6

This approach encourages participants to generate as many ideas as possible about the project requirements. No idea is judged or dismissed during this session.

Answer 6

Brainstorming

Question 7

Documented in the scope management plan, this system defines how changes to the project scope are managed and controlled

Answer 7

change control system (CCS)

Question 8

A numbering system for each item in the WBS. The PMBOK is a good example of a code of accounts as each chapter and its subheadings follow a logical numbering scheme. For example, PMBOK 5.3.3.2 identifies an exact paragraph in the PMBOK.

Answer 8

Code of Accounts

Question 9

These diagrams show the relationship between elements of an environment. For example, this diagram would illustrator the networks, servers, workstations, and people that interact with the elements of the environment

Answer 9

Context diagram

Question 10

A moderator-led requirements collection method to elicit requirements from stakeholders

Answer 10

Focus groups

Question 11

This is the study of the functions within a system, project, or what’s more likely in the project scope statement, the product the project will be creating. Functional analysis studies the goals of the product, how the product will be used, and the expectations the customer has of the product once it leaves the project and moves into operations. This analysis may also consider the cost of the product in operations, which is known as life-cycle costing.

Answer 11

Functional Analysis

Question 12

Most projects have a determined budget in relation to the project scope. There may be a qualifier on this budget, such as -/+ 10% based on the type of cost estimate created.

Answer 12

Funding limit

Question 13

a requirements collection method used to elicit requirements from stakeholders in a 1:1 conversation.

Answer 13

Interviews

Question 14

This approach maps ideas to show the relationship among requirements and the differences between requirements. The map can be reviewed to identify new solutions or to rank the identified requirements.

Answer 14

mind mapping

Question 15

As with brainstorming, participants are encouraged to generate as many ideas as possible, but the suggested ideas are ranked by a voting process.

Answer 15

nominal group technique

Question 16

the observer records information about the work being completed without interruping the process; sometimes called the invisible observer.

think of a new hire going on a preceptorship

Answer 16

passive observation

Question 17

a group - decision method where the largest part of the group makes the decision when it’s less than 50% of the total. Consider 3 or 4 factions within the stakeholders

Answer 17

Plurality

Question 18

This project scope statement component works with the project requirements, but **focuses specifically on the product **and what the conditions and processes are for formal acceptance.

Answer 18

Product acceptance criteria

Question 19

A scope definition technique that breaks down a product into a heirarchical structure, much like a WBS breaks down a project scope.

Answer 19

Product breakdown

Question 20

this is a narrative description of what the project is creating as a deliverable for the project customer

Answer 20

product scope description

Question 21

Defines the product or service that will come about as a result of completing the project. It defines the features and functions that characterize the product.

Answer 21

Product scope

Question 22

This is a factor in the planning process that is held to be true but not proven to be true.

Answer 22

Project assumptions

Question 23

this clearly states what is included with the project and what’s excluded from the project. This helps to eliminate assumptions between the project management team and the project customer

Answer 23

Project boundaries

Question 24

This is anything that limits the PM’s options. Consider a predetermined budget, deadline, resources, or materials the project manager must use within the project – these are all examples.

Answer 24

Project constraints

Question 25

These are the measurable goals that determine a project’s acceptability to the project customer and the overall success of the project. They often include the cost, schedule, technical requirements, and quality demands.

Answer 25

Project objectives

Question 26

These are the demands set by the customer, regulations, or the performing organization that must exist for the project deliverables to be aceptable. Requirements are often prioritized in a number of ways, from “must have” to “should have” to “would like to have.”

Answer 26

Project requirements

Question 27

This defines all of the work, and only the required work, to complete the project objectives

Answer 27

project scope

Question 28

This project management subsidiary plan controls how the scope will be defined, how the project scope statement will be created, how the WBS will be created, how scope validation will proceed, and how the project scope will be controlled throughout the project.

Answer 28

Project scope management plan

Question 29

This documentation of what the stakeholders expected in the project defines all of the requirements that must be present for the work to be accepted by the stakeholders

Answer 29

Requirements documentation

Question 30

The subsidiary plan defines how changes to the project requirements will be permitted, how requirements will be tracked, and how changes to the requirements will be approved.

Answer 30

Requirements management plan

Question 31

A table that maps the requirements throughout the project all the way to their completion.

Answer 31

Requirements traceability matrix (RTM)

Question 32

The project customer may have specific dates when phases of the project should be completed. These are often treated as project constraints

Answer 32

Schedule milestones

Question 33

undocumented, unapproved changes to the project scope.

Answer 33

Scope creep

Question 34

The formal inspection of the project deliverables, which leads to project acceptance

Answer 34

scope validation

Question 35

A scope definition process where the project mgmt team interviews the stakeholders and categories, prioritizes, and documents what the project customer wants and needs. the analysis is to determine, quantify, and prioritize the interests of the stakeholders. This demands quanitifcation of stakeholder objectives; goals such as “good”, “satisfaction”, and “speedy” are not quantifiable

Answer 35

Stakeholder analysis

Question 36

a scope definition approach that studies and analyzes a system, its components, and the relationship of the components within the system

Answer 36

systems analysis

Question 37

this project scope statement creation process studies how a system should work, designs, and creates a system model, and then enats the working system based on the project’s goals and the customer’s expectations. Systems engineering aims to balance the time and cost of the project in relation to the scope of the project

Answer 37

Systems engineering

Question 38

A group decision method where everyone must be in agreement

Answer 38

unanimity

Question 39

As with value engineering, this approach examines the functions of the project’s product in relation to the cost of the features and functions. this is where, to some extent, the grade of the product is in relationship to the cost of the product.

Answer 39

value analysis

Question 40

This approach to project scope statement creating attempts to find the correct level of quality in relation to a reasonable budget for the project deliverable while still achieving an acceptable level of performance of the product

Answer 40

value engineering

Question 41

A WBS companion document that defines all of the characteristics of each element within the WBS

Answer 41

WBS dictionary

Question 42

A prepopulated WBS for reptitive projects. Previous project’s WBS are often used as templates for current similar projects.

Answer 42

WBS template

Question 43

The smallest item in the WBS.

Answer 43

work package

Question 44

Status of the deliverables: the work that’s been started, finished, or has yet to begin

Answer 44

Work performance information