5. The failure to reach a settlement 1646-49 Flashcards
What divide occurred when Charles surrendered to the Scots?
Charles was convinced that his opponent’s alliance would break down and then strengthen his own bargaining position because parliament was divided into two groups:
. The Political Presbyterians, who were the majority of MPs, and had close ties to Scotland’s military leaders.
. The Political Independents, who were linked to the MPs that were also New Model Army officers.
What was the 1646 Newcastle Propositions?
The Political Presbyterians sought a compromise with Charles via the Newcastle Propositions which included:
. Strict anti-Catholic laws were to be enforced.
. Parliament was to take control of the armed forces for 20 years.
. Parliament to be renewed every 3 years.
. Bishops to be abolished and a presbyterian Church given a three years trial in England.
How did Charles respond to the Newcastle propositions?
He refused them so the Scots then handed him over to Parliament.
What was the 1647 Heads of Proposals?
In 1647, the Political Presbyterians considered disbanding the New Model Army without pay, causing the army to become politicised. In June, the army gained custody of Charles after he was seized by the Agitator Cornet Joyce. They then presented their own proposals for Charles which said:
. The triennial act would be replaced by the biennial act.
. Angelican Bishops could remain but they wouldn’t be allowed to coerce.
. Parliament would nominate key officers of state for 10 years.
They were far more moderate than the Newcastle Propositions, showing that the army wanted to achieve a lasting and stable settlement.
How did Charles react to the Heads of Proposals?
The King didn’t accept, however while he was considering the proposals he was also in clandestine communication with the Scots, where he then signed an agreement in December, promising Presbyterianism in England for 3 years in exchange for a Scottish army.
Where was Charles being held?
He escaped from the army but was recaptured and imprisoned on the Isle of Wight, where he had his secret negotiations with the Scots.
